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How TRAITS are passed

How TRAITS are passed. Complete vocabulary for CHAPTER 5, section 1 (pages 126-132). The way it works…. When organisms reproduce, traits are passed from parent to offspring . These traits are carried in DNA, the genetic material found in a cell’s nucleus. DNA acts like a blueprint.

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How TRAITS are passed

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  1. How TRAITS are passed

  2. Complete vocabulary for CHAPTER 5, section 1 (pages 126-132)

  3. The way it works… • When organisms reproduce, traits are passed from parent to offspring. • These traits are carried in DNA, the genetic material found in a cell’s nucleus. • DNA acts like a blueprint.

  4. Your parents… • Each parent has two genes (or letters) for a trait. These letters are called alleles. • Capital letters are called Dominant alleles. When these alleles are present, they take over or show. They are the “stronger” alleles. • Lower case letter are recessive allelesand are the “weaker” of the alleles.

  5. Genotype and Phenotype • Genotype– the inherited alleles (letters) • Phenotype– what the alleles look like when inherited. (physical feature) Represented by hh Represented by Red Hair

  6. Homozygous and Heterozygous • IF the genes are the same, they are homozygous • – “homo” means same • IF the genes are different, they are heterozygous • – “hetero” means different

  7. How can we figure out the PROBABILITY? • Using Punnett Squares allow us to show what the offspring could look like • Allows us to calculate probability (likelihood) of certain genotypes and phenotypes to occur • Punnett Square PRACTICE

  8. Genetics since Mendel messed with the Pea Plants • Incomplete Dominance • Intermediate phenotype • Cross between two homozygous parents • RR= red; rr= white; Rr= pink • Multiple Alleles • Trait controlled by more than two alleles • Blood type (depends on how two alleles are paired up) • A, B, AB, O • Polygenic Inheritance • Combination of many genes • Colors vary depending on # of dominant alleles present

  9. Patrick & PatriciaProud Parents of Paddy

  10. If you fail to follow instructions, your grade will end up in the toilet and you don’t want that.

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