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Ice Pile Air Conditioning

This project aims to design and develop an air cooling unit that efficiently extracts cooling energy from waste ice produced at ice rinks, contributing to RIT's goal of carbon neutrality by 2030. By utilizing approximately 500 ft³ of ice dumped daily from Zambonis, the proposed solution seeks to create a small-scale proof-of-concept air cooling unit that can potentially surpass the efficiencies of conventional cooling systems. Key components include a heat exchanger, saline coolant, and various innovative designs to optimize energy extraction.

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Ice Pile Air Conditioning

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  1. Ice Pile Air Conditioning Joseph Cooper: Project Lead Kylie Rhoades, Clara Echavarria, Jonathon Locke, Alex Gee

  2. Agenda • Background • Problem Statement (Input on EER table) • Customer Needs • Functional Decomposition • Specifications/Constraints/Given • Concept Experiment • Concept Development (Input on alternate designs) • Concept Decision • Heat Exchanger Calculations (Input on inlet temperatures) • Initial Visual Representation of Unit Design

  3. Project Background and Summary • RIT has a goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2030 and a continuous vision of campus expansion. • RIT will soon be the home of a brand new ice arena as well as the current home of Ritter Arena. • Mission: Design a method to extract the cooling energy from a volume of ice (generated from an ice rink) effectively and efficiently. • On a game day at an ice rink, there are approximately 5 Zamboni “dumps”, summing up to 500 ft3 (14.15 m3) • On a typical day of operation, 100 ft3 (2.83 m3) is discarded. • According to a density test, this will weigh approximately 2000 kg per load or 10,400 kg on a game day (per 5 loads)

  4. Problem Statement • Create a testing unit to which will demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining a cooling capacity from waste ice. This small scale proof-of-concept will be in the form of an air cooling unit. • This testing unit is to be comparable (ideally found much better) to cooling efficiencies of a typical water or evaporative cooled condensing unit with a COP of 3.8 • http://www.centerpointenergy.com

  5. Equal to a COP of 3.8

  6. Customer Needs

  7. Functional Decomposition Tree

  8. Specifications and Constraints

  9. Preliminary Concept Experiment • Purpose: • Suspicion of creating an air gap around a pipe is thought of in theory • Run test to find if we are able to have a vertical heat exchanger pipe in the ice box, and observe ice behavior during melting in this case. • After about 35 minutes:

  10. Concept Development

  11. Concept One

  12. Concept Two

  13. Concept Three

  14. Concept Risk Assessment for Selection

  15. Selected Path for Design: Concept 2 • Concept 2 includes benefits from both 1 and 3. • Can be fitted with a heat exchanger (Concept 1) if needed for appropriate cooling. • Heat exchanger will require: • Design • Lead Time • Budget/Cost

  16. Coolant to Air Heat Exchanger Background: • Initial calculations are done with copper tubing • Future plans are to use a finned radiator • Coolant has been chosen as water • Air is to be moved evenly by 2 DC fans with flow rates required by radiator • Pump to be sized based on radiators and associated head losses

  17. Cross-Flow Heat Exchanger Cross Flow = Air Tube Flow = Water

  18. Given parameters for Initial Hx: • Water Inlet Temperature = 0°C • Qwater = 1 gpm • Air Inlet Temperature = ~30°C • Air Flow Rate = 105.9 CFM or 3 m3/min • ½” Copper Tubing

  19. Prototype Output • Assume: • Pure Ice at 0oC • 5 gallon tank • 3.5 gallons of ice • 1.5 gallons of H2O • 300,000 J/kg latent heat of ice • 917 kg/m3 density of pure ice • 736 kg/m3 experimental density of Zamboni shaved ice • 2773 BTU storage in Zamboni Ice • 3992 BTU/hr Cooling Load of Heat Exchanger • 45 Minutes of Run Time

  20. Copper Tube Heat Exchanger Results Total Cooling Load= 1.08 KW or 3692 BTU/hr Required length of ½” diameter tubing= 96 ft Tubing Layout: • 15” of straight tube • 1.5” diameter elbows • 1” gap between tubes Tubing section (HeightxWidthXDepth)=16.5”x3.5”x.5” Total Size (HeightxWidthXDepth)= 16.5”x19.375”x8”

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