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Other Medicines

Other Medicines. Andrenergic Antagonists (Blockers). Bind to receptor site but do not cause an action Alpha & Beta receptor blockers Alpha blockers decrease peripheral resistance decrease heart rate decrease blood pressure Beta blockers decrease blood pressure decrease cardiac output.

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Other Medicines

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  1. Other Medicines

  2. Andrenergic Antagonists (Blockers) • Bind to receptor site but do not cause an action • Alpha & Beta receptor blockers • Alpha blockers • decrease peripheral resistance • decrease heart rate • decrease blood pressure • Beta blockers • decrease blood pressure • decrease cardiac output

  3. Blockers cont. • Beta blockers treatment for: • angina • cardiac arrhythmias • Adverse effects • brachycardia • orthostatic hypertension • fatigue • drowsiness

  4. Antihypertensive Drugs (High Blood Pressure) • High blood pressure > 140/90 • Due to increase in vascular smooth muscle tone, increase resistance in blood vessels • Cause – heredity, stress, increase salt in diet, obesity, smoking • Types of medicines • Diuretics • Beta blockers • ACE inhibitors • Calcium Channel blockers

  5. Antihyperlipidemic Drugs(Cholesterol Reducing) • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors • inhibit cholesterol synthesis • deplete intracellular supply of cholesterol which lowers plasma cholesterol, increase removal from body • Examples: • Zocor • Lipitor • Pravachol • Generic names end in “vastatin” • Combine with diet and exercise • Adverse effects • muscle pain, elevated liver enzymes

  6. Depression • Depression – due to a chemical imbalance • lack of serotonin & norepinephrine & dopamine (neurotransmitters) • Signs & Symptoms • intense sadness, hopelessness, despair, inability to experience pleasure, change in appetite or sleep habits • Treatment • Medications • Counseling

  7. Antidepressant Drugs • Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) • blocks norepinephrine & serotonin uptake in the presynaptic nerve terminals • effects – elevate mood, improve mental alertness, increase physical activity • adverse effects – blurred vision, dry mouth, sedation • Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI) • MAO – enzyme inactivates norepinephrine, serotonin, & dopamine • MAOI – inactivates the enzyme • many side effects & interactions w/ medicines & foods • adverse effects – headache, nausea, cardiac arrhythmias, stroke, blurred vision, dry mouth

  8. Antidepressant Drugs cont. • Selective Serotonin Receptor Inhibitors (SSRI) • specifically inhibit uptake of serotonin • side effects – nausea, anxiety, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, weight loss, tremors • examples: • Prozac • Zoloft • Paxil • Celexa • Luvox – pediatric use • All drugs may take several weeks for effects to be seen

  9. Attention Deficit Disorder • Treat with stimulants to promote CNS functioning • Examples • Ritalin • Dexedrine • Side / Adverse effects • mania, insomnia, hallucinations, dizziness, nervousness, irritability

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