1. Pennsylvania The Keystone StateEstablished in 1787 as the 2nd state

2. The People of Pennsylvania • The population of Pennsylvania is about 12 million. • Two major cities in Pennsylvania, other than the capital, are Pittsburgh and Philadelphia. • More than 75 percent of the population of Pennsylvania lived in urban areas.

3. Geography and Climate of PennsylvaniaState Motto- “Virtue, Liberty, and Independence” • Pennsylvania is 46,058 square miles. • The capital city of Pennsylvania is Harrisburg. • Pennsylvania’s summer temperatures are above 90°F (32°C), and winter temperatures are below 0°F (-18°C) • Pennsylvania gets quite a bit of rain, with precipitation averaging around 42 inches (107 cm) a year. As a result, flooding rivers can sometimes be a problem. • The north gets the most snow, about 7 feet (2 m) every year.

4. Resources, Tourism, & Economy • Natural resources in Pennsylvania are coal, natural gas, oil, and limestone. • Philadelphia is the state’s manufacturing center, and industries produce items ranging from communications equipment to ice cream. • More than one million people every year visit the Liberty Bell, with its famous foot-long-crack, in Philadelphia. • Apples, grapes, and cherries are grown near Lake Erie, and peaches are grown in the southeast. • Pennsylvania is one of the leading producers of mushrooms and milk products. All these products are traded easily because of the excellent waterways.

5. State Symbols of Pennsylvania • State Bird-Ruffed Grouse • State Tree-Eastern Hemlock • State Animal-White-Tailed Deer • State Flower-Mountain Laurel • State Dog- Great Dane • State Insect-Firefly