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Korea Port Governance System And New Challenge Issues

ICHCA Conference. Korea Port Governance System And New Challenge Issues. Prof. Hee Seok Bang Assistant. Jung Ho Na Dong Joon Kang Chung Ang University. Table of Contents. Ⅰ. Review of World Economy & Korea Port Throughput. Ⅱ.

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Korea Port Governance System And New Challenge Issues

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  1. ICHCA Conference Korea Port Governance System And New Challenge Issues Prof. HeeSeok Bang Assistant. Jung Ho Na Dong Joon Kang Chung Ang University

  2. Table of Contents Ⅰ Review of World Economy & Korea Port Throughput Ⅱ Factors to be considered for Port Policy & Management Ⅲ Classification of Korean Port & Governing Body Ⅳ Container Port Development in Korea Ⅴ Developing FEZ & FTZ linked with Port Ⅵ Issues to be Discussed

  3. Ⅰ. Review of World Economy & Korea Port Throughput 1 Review of World Economy Trade Scale in Korea (100million $, %) Trade Cargo Volume in Korea

  4. World Shipbuilding (100million CGT, %) Resource : Clarkson, World Shipyard Monitor, 2007

  5. Economic Indicator of N. E. Asia Source: WTO, World Trade Report(2005), CIA, The World Factbook(2005)

  6. 2 Korea Port Throughput Unit : R/T Source ; http://www.index.go.kr

  7. Traffic Forecast Unit : 000 R/T Source : KMI 2008, Crude Oil Traffic is excluded. Traffic Forecast of Container Unit : 000 TEU Source : MOLTMA, Ocean Shipping Consultant

  8. Ⅱ. Factors to be Considered for Port Policy & Management 1 Changes in Container Shipping • Main Line / Feeder Service • Changing Client Demands • Alliance, M&A • Increasing Concentration • Emergence of BIG SHIP

  9. Proposed Size of Big Ships Source : Lloyd List Note : Han-Jin Shipping Line ordered 13,000TEU Ship (5 Ships operation in 2010, 4 Ships operation in 2011)

  10. Order and Delivery of Super Container Ships –Emma Maersk Name of Vessel Capacity(TEU) Length(m) Width(m) Row Delivery Date Emma Maersk 11,000 395 56 22 2006 Cosco Ningbo 9,449 349 42.5 2006 CMA CGM Fidelio 9,415 348 42.5 2006 Xin Los Angeles 9,600 335 45.3 2006 Hanjin Shipping 10,000 349 45.6 2008 Samsung Shipbuilding 12,000 383 52 2008 Pyeongtaek University

  11. 2 Changing Client Demands • Diversification/Enhancement of services • Intermodal services • Supply Chain Management • Warehousing and Distribution • Tailored pricing packages • Global service agreements • Advanced cargo care technologies • Container tracking facilities • E-commerce initiatives

  12. 3 Integration of the Logistics Providers • 1) Expend 3PL Business(Lead Logistics Providers : LLPs) • 2) 4PL’s Structure 4PL 3PL 3PL 3PL

  13. 3) 4PL’s Functions ; • - supply-chain engineering • - business process re-engineering • - IT services and systems capable of connecting to customers and other supply-chain partners(including design of an open systems framework, build, implementation and run activities) • - sales and operations planning • - call centres • - distribution management • - procurement • - customer support • - invoice management • - other back office services such as administration, human resource management, finance and legal support

  14. 4) Four key components of 4PL • Supply-chain visionary • -Multiple customer relationship • -Supply chain re-engineering • -Project management • -Service integrator • -Continuous innovation Architect/ integrator F I N A N C E • Experienced logisticians • -Optimization engines • -Decision support • -Neutral positioning • -Continuous improvement Control Room (intelligence) 4PL • IT system integration • -IT infrastructure provision • -Real-time data tracking • -Convert data to information • -Provide info to point of need • -Technical support Supply-Chain Info-mediary • Transportation • -Warehousing • -Manufacturing(Outsourcing) • -Procurement Service Resource Providers

  15. 5) Suggested 4PL Model

  16. 4 Increasing Concentration Source: CI Yearbook

  17. As of August 2007, • Maersk Lines controls 16.1% of the world’s active container fleet • Top 3 carriers(Maersk Lines, MSC, CMA CGM) control 33.5% • Top 5 carriers control 43.3% • Top 10 carriers control 60.5% • Top 20 carriers control 82.5%

  18. 5 Changes in Container Port - Competitive Transshipment - Carrier-driven Port Development - Privatization & Commercialization - Mega hub Port - Emergence of Asian Ports - International Port Operators ; HPH, PSA, DP world - Environmental pressure - New Port Governance Body

  19. Port Logistics Concept - Treat Port as a Logistics System ( Cuts Costs, Better Service to Global Client, Wider Global Coverage, Shorter Transit Time ) - Port Roles Changes in the FEZ, FTZ - Value-Added activities increasing in Port Area - Linkage with Global Logistics Provider ( Global Carriers & Terminal Operators, Freight Forwarder ) - Port & Logistics Hub Strategies Launched in the Asia & Europe

  20. Ⅲ. Classification of Korean Ports & Governing Body 1 Classification of Ports in Korea * Fifty one Ports and Harbor exist in Korea under the Jurisdiction of the Port Act as Following Trade. <Table> Classification of Ports in Korea * The MOLTMA is responsible for the planning, construction, maintenance and management of ports

  21. 2 Major Ports in Korea 1) Port of Busan ·The port of Busan is situated on the southeast coast of the Korean peninsula approximately 400km by expressway from the capital, Seoul. ·Located in a highly industrialized area of Korea, Busan, the 2nd largest city in Korea with a population of 5 million, is the center for the export of manufactured goods and is a top ranked port in Korea in terms of traffic volume and value. <Table> General Cargo & Container Traffic Unit : 000 Ton, 000 TEU Source ; http://www.mltm.go.kr

  22. 2) Port of Incheon ·The port of Incheon, located on the mid-west coast of Korea, is the third largest port next to Gwangyang. ·It serves as the gateway to the metropolitan area of Seoul which is only 32km to the east along a highway. ·The inner harbor of the port is controlled by a lock gate because of its location within 9m tidal wave range. <Table> General Cargo & Container Traffic Unit : 1,000 Ton·1,000 TEU Source ; http://www.mltm.go.kr

  23. 3) Port of Ulsan ·The port of Ulsan, located in the South-eastern coast Korea peninsula at about 40km to the north of Busan, was developed as an industrial port in the 1960’s and 1970’s. ·Large scale petrochemical industries, a gigantic shipbuilding yard and an auto mobile factory of the Hyundai Industrial Group Were installed in this area. <Table> General Cargo & Container Traffic Unit : 000 Ton, 000 TEU Source ; http://www.mltm.go.kr

  24. 4) Port of Gwangyang ·The port of Gwangyang, located on the mid-southern coast, is a new industrial port developed in the 1980’s. ·It has become the gateway to the bay area housing the Yeocheon Industrial Complex of a large oil refinery, petrochemical factories, a gigantic Gwangyang steel mill (POSCO) and related industries. ·The port of Gwangyang has the distinct advantage of not being surrounded by the agglomeration area of big cities, thus affording plenty of space for further expansion. <Table> General Cargo & Container Traffic Unit : 000 Ton, 000 TEU Source ; http://www.mltm.go.kr

  25. 5) Port of Pohang ·The port of Pohang, located at the southeastern coast of the Korean peninsula, has been one of the leading industrial ports. ·It serves the POSCO (Pohang steel Mill Co.) and its related industrial complex in the hinterland of the port <Table> General Cargo & Container Traffic Unit : 000 Ton, 000 TEU Source ; http://www.mltm.go.kr

  26. 3 Port Planning and Developing Body * In accordance with the restructuring of the government, the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MOMAF) was inaugurated on August 8 1996, incorporating all the maritime related affairs into one super-agency including the Korea Maritime and Port Administration (KMPA), the Maritime Accidents Inquiry Agency and Hydro graphic Bureau previously under the Ministry of Construction and Transportation (MOCT), Fisheries Administration previously under the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Maritime Police Administration under the Ministry of Home Affairs and Marine Resources Development previously under the Ministry of Science and Technology * At present, MOLTMA(Ministry of Land, Transport & Maritime Affairs) is the Federal Government to control port plan & development since New Government was inaugurated in the early of 2008.

  27. · MOLTMA is the government Body to serve following port development & management. - long term and medium term port policy for future development - establishment of port master plan - establishment of technical standards for port planning, design and construction - supervision of feasibility studies, surveys and detail design work for port development - control of capital investment - overall planning of port operations - construction and maintenance of infrastructure (breakwater, seawall, quay-wall, lock gate) - construction of transportation facilities connecting ports and hinterland - planning & construction of logistics facilities and ICD - formulation of basic plan on private investment on port facility project - construction and installation of superstructure (pavements, operation, building, shed, gantry cranes) - dredging and maintenance of access channels - port tariffs - installation and maintenance of navigation aids’ facilities (lighthouses, beacons) - control of public water space within the port limits - licensing port operation related companies (stevedore, tugboat, ship-supply etc) - compilation, analysis and provision of port statistics

  28. Summary of Port Related Organization in Korea MOLTMA KL-Net 11 Branches Port EDI Invest Lease Yeosu, Masan Donghae Gunsan, Daesan Mokpo, Pohang Pyeongtaek BPA IPA UPA Busan Incheon Ulsan KCTA Borrow & Lease Terminal Terminal Management & Lease Port Management Terminal Lease Public Water Management TOC Terminal Operator TOC

  29. Preview of Korean Port Administration in History

  30. Port Legislation and Administrators Source ; Complied from MOLTMA Materials

  31. Ⅳ. Container Port Developing in Korea 1 Location Map of the Korea Ports

  32. Layout of the Port Busan Container Terminal

  33. 2 New Port Development Plan • Major Port Development Plan • Designated nine Ports as a New Port Development Project • Three National Big Projects • Six New Port Projects

  34. Three National Big Projects - Busan New Port

  35. Three National Big Projects - Busan New Port

  36. Three National Big Projects - Gwangyang New Port

  37. Three National Big Projects - Gwangyang New Port

  38. Three National Big Projects - Gwangyang New Port

  39. Three National Big Projects - Pyeongtaek New Port

  40. Six New Port Projects - Gunsan New Port

  41. Six New Port Projects - Mokpo New Port

  42. Six New Port Projects - Ulsan New Port

  43. Six New Port Projects - Pohang New Port

  44. Ⅴ. Developing FEZ & FTZ linked with Port 1 Existing FEZ Free Economic Zones Spearhead Infrastructure Strategic Location Ideal Business Environment Other Regions Differentiation Upscale Living Conditions Support & Incentives

  45. Global competition Market competition Business- friendly environment 21st Century Leader FreeEconomic Zones Corporate mobility

  46. Why Free Economic Zones in Korea? Northeast Asian Business Hub Free Economic Zones Geographic advantage Sustainable economic growth Facilitating foreign investment

  47. Northeast Asian Business Hub Strategy ForeignInvestment Openness Regional EconomicCooperation

  48. Korea’s FEZs Why Incheon, Busan-Jinhae and Gwangyang? • Logistical advantage • Excellent infrastructure Incheon FEZ Busan-Jinhae FEZ Gwangyang FEZ

  49. FEZ Benefits Optimal Business Environment Superb Living Conditions One-Stop Administrative Services

  50. Optimal Business Environment Tax reductions Deregulation Labor flexibility

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