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This research investigates the magnetic properties of circle and square nanomagnets to determine equilibrium states. The study focuses on how the shape of the magnet affects storage capacity, particularly in disk storage devices. By examining different sizes and thicknesses of circle and square magnets, the phase boundaries of stable states are determined. Micromagnetic calculations using OOMMF software reveal the most stable states for each shape. Understanding phase boundaries is crucial for enhancing storage devices in the semiconductor industry. The study also highlights the significance of shape anisotropy in determining storage capacity and provides insights for creating high-capacity storage products like hard drives and memory devices.
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Determining the Phase Boundary of Circle and Square Nanomagnets Tim Morgan Scott Whittenburg AMRI
Abstract In the disk storage industry, there is a desire to have a higher capacity storage device. Magnets are used to read and write information in these disk storage devices. The shape of the magnet has been shown to highly affect the storage capacity. We have investigated the magnetic properties of circle and square nanomagnets to determine the equilibrium states. We examined different sizes and thicknesses for each shape to verify these phase domain lines. For circles, the single domain and vortex states are most stable; for squares, we see that the flower and leaf states are the ground states. We used the NIST code, OOMMF, to perform our micromagnetic calculations.
Why Find Phase Boundary? • Semiconductor Industry: • Important to know stable states at different sizes and thickness for different shapes • Shape Anisotropy • Shape determines storage capacity • Product: High Capacity Storage Devices • Hard-drives • Memory
Micromagnetic Calculations • Computational Methods • Create virtual nanomagnets • Computer calculates magnetic properties • OOMMF (NIST) • Object Oriented MicroMagnetic Framework • Java Programming • Created program to calculate phase boundary line for circles
Circles • Calculated boundary where exchange energy equals demagnetization energy for different values of Q, a unit less anisotropy variable • Verified boundary with Micro Magnetic calculations • Found single domain state to be most stable underneath the phase boundary and vortex to be most stable above phase boundary
Squares • Determined boundary between stable states for different values of Q using Micro Magnetic calculations • Stable states varied for different values of Q • Q = 0 Above: Leaf | Below: Flower • Q = 0.01 Above: PseudoLeaf | Below: Flower • Q = 0.1 Above: Vortex | Below: Flower
References & Acknowledgements • H. Hoffmann and F. Steinbauer, J. Appl. Phys. 92, 5463 (2002) • R P Cowburn, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 33, R1 (2000) • R. P. Cowburn and M. E. Welland, Physical Review B 58, 9217 (1998) • Scott L. Whittenburg, Magnetic Nanostructures, 425 (2002) • National Science Foundation (DMR-0243977) • Patrick Nichols