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U.S. Customary System Unit Multipliers

This guide provides an overview of the U.S. Customary System, focusing on the basic units of measurement for length, weight, and capacity, including inches, feet, pounds, and gallons. It explains how to convert between different units using unit multipliers and provides approximate conversions to metric units. Additionally, it covers temperature conversions between Fahrenheit and Celsius. Examples illustrate the conversion process, making it easier to grasp the relationships between various measurements.

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U.S. Customary System Unit Multipliers

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  1. U.S. Customary SystemUnit Multipliers TLW be able to convert measurements.

  2. Definitions • When we attach words to numbers, we call the combination a denominate number where the words are the units. • The units of the denominate number, 4 feet are feet.

  3. Definitions • The Customary System is used as the basic unit of measurement in the United States. • The basic units of the Customary System are the inch, foot, yard, and mile.

  4. Length Equivalents 12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft.) 3 feet (ft.) = 1 yard (yd.) 5280 feet (ft) = 1 mile (mi.)

  5. Weight Equivalents The basic unit of weight are the ounce, pound, and ton. 16 ounces (oz.) = 1 pound (lb.) 2000 pounds (lbs.) = 1 ton

  6. Liquid Equivalents 8 fluid ounces (fl. oz.) = 1 cup ( c) 2 cup ( c) = 1 pint (pt) 2 pint (pt) = 1 quart (qt) 4 quarts (qt) = 1 gallon (gal)

  7. Unit Multipliers • Unit Multipliers are fractions that have a denominator with an equal value as its numerator. • For example, unit multipliers would include: 12 in. 1 yd 5280 ft 1 ft. 3 ft. 1 mi.

  8. Definitions • We can use unit multipliers to convert one unit of measurement to another. • This will change the unit without changing the value.

  9. For example • To convert 5 feet to inches, we use the unit multiplier that has the relationship between feet and inches. 5 ft x 12 in = 60 in 1 1 ft

  10. Example • Use unit multipliers to convert 420 feet to yards

  11. Example • Use unit multipliers to convert 72 inches to feet

  12. Multiple Unit Multipliers • Convert 360 inches to yards

  13. Answer • We will first convert inches to feet and then the feet to yards. 360 in. x1 ft. x 1 yd = 360 = 10 yd 12 in. 3 ft. (12)(3)

  14. Example • Convert 48 gallons to cups

  15. Answer 48 gal x4 qts.x2 pt.x 2 cups = (48)(4)(2)(2) 1 gal 1 qt. 1 pint 1 768 cups

  16. Approximations Between System Lengths 1 inch ≈ 2.5 centimeters 1 centimeter ≈ 0.4 inch 1 yard ≈ 0.9 meter 1 meter ≈ 1.1 yards 1 mile ≈ 1.6 kilometers 1 kilometer ≈ 0.6 mile

  17. Approximate Conversions Between System Units of Weight & Mass 1 ounce ≈ 28 grams 1 pound ≈ 0.45 kilogram 1 kilogram ≈ 2.2 pounds 1 ton ≈ 0.9 metric ton 1 metric ton ≈ 1.1 tons

  18. Approximate Conversions Between System Units of Capacity 1 quart ≈ 0.95 liter 1 liter ≈ 1.05 quart

  19. Examples • Which is longer: 40 centimeters or 1.5 feet? How much longer? • A Rottweiler weighs 128 pounds. What is the weight in kilograms? • Approximately how many milliliters are equal to 1 fluid ounce?

  20. Try It Yourself! • A football player has a mass of 125 kilograms. Approximately what is the player’s weight in pounds?

  21. Temperature • The unit of temperature in the U.S. Customary System is degrees Fahrenheit. • The unit of temperature in the metric system is degrees Celsius.

  22. Temperature

  23. Temperature • To convert from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit, use the following formula: ºF = (9/5 · ºC) + 32 • To convert from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius use: ºC = 5/9(ºF – 32)

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