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The Comprehensive Guide to Mineral Ores: Prospecting, Mining, and Smelting Techniques

This guide explores the fascinating world of mineral ores, focusing on their economic value, types, and processes involved in mining and smelting. Key minerals such as chalcopyrite (copper), hematite (iron), and bauxite (aluminum) are discussed in detail. Learn about the techniques for prospecting ore deposits, including observing surface features and testing water for chemicals. The guide also covers different mining methods, environmental issues, and the smelting process to extract valuable metals. Discover the significance of minerals in various applications, from jewelry to mechanical parts.

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The Comprehensive Guide to Mineral Ores: Prospecting, Mining, and Smelting Techniques

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  1. Metals Gemstones Other Useful Uses of Minerals Minerals Mineral Resources Ch 3.3 Pages 62-66 Ores Prospecting Smelting Mining

  2. Gemstones • Valued: • Rare • Color • Durability • Glassy Luster • Used for: • Jewelry • Decoration • Mechanical Parts • Grinding and Polishing

  3. Metals

  4. Other Useful Minerals

  5. Ores • A mineral that contains a metal or economically useful mineral. • Chalcopyrite • Copper • Hematite and Magnetite • Iron • Bauxite • Aluminum • Galena • Lead

  6. Prospecting • Searching for an ore deposit: • Looking for: • Certain features on Earth’s surface. • Observe the rocks on Earth’s surface. • Examine plants in an area • Test stream water for the presence of certain chemicals.

  7. Mining • Geologists map an ore deposit, help miners decide how to mine. 3 Types. • 1. Strip Mine • Earth moving equipment scrapes away soil to expose ore. • 2. Open Pit Mines- use giant earthmoving equipment to dig a huge pit. • 3. Shaft Mines- network of tunnels that extend deep into the ground following the veins of ores.

  8. Leaves scars on the land. Reclamation Waste materials Dangerous Pollution Mining (Environmental Issues)

  9. Smelting • An ore is melted to separate the useful metal from other elements the ore contains. • 1. Iron ore crushed mixed with limestone and baked with coal • Mixtuer put blast furnace. • As it burns, chemical reaction causes CO2 gas and molten iron. • Iron sinks to bottom of the furnace, impurities left called slag. • Slag and molten iron are poured off through taps in the blast furnace.

  10. Alloy • A solid mixture of 2 or more metals. • Steel bronze

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