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Map Projections

Map Projections. GIS-101 Summer 2006 Semester. Important Things to Remember about Map Projections. An attempt to take location information from a spheriod object and transfer to a flat surface As such, ALL projections are a distortion of the real world to some extent!.

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Map Projections

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  1. Map Projections GIS-101 Summer 2006 Semester

  2. Important Things to Remember about Map Projections • An attempt to take location information from a spheriod object and transfer to a flat surface • As such, ALL projections are a distortion of the real world to some extent!

  3. Attributes of Distortion • Shape • Size • Distance • Direction • Area

  4. Map Projections versus Coordinate Systems • REMEMBER: Map Projections and Coordinate Systems are two different things!

  5. Factors Associated with Map Projections • Scale • Map Units • Projection • Coordinate System • Datum

  6. Map Scale vs Spatial Scale • 1:24,000 is a LARGER scale than 1:100,000 • e.g. 1/24,000 is a larger number than 1/100,000 • However, 1:24,000 however covers a smallerspatial scale than 1:100,000 (i.e. less area covered on a same sized map)

  7. Topographic Mapping System

  8. Examples of Projections • Robinson • Lambert Conformal Conic • Mercator • Transverse Mercator

  9. Types or “Families” of Map Projections • Cylindrical • Conic • Azimuthal or Planar

  10. Orthographic Projection

  11. Orthographic Projection

  12. Lambert Conformal Conic

  13. Azimuthal Projection

  14. Transverse Mercator

  15. Mercator Projection

  16. Examples of Coordinate Systems • Latitude and Longitude (Geographic) • Universal Transverse Mercator • State Plane

  17. Geographic Coordinate System • Latitude & Longitude • NOT a true “Projection”

  18. Latitude / Longitude for US

  19. UTM Grid • Uses Transverse Mercator projection • Units usually in meters • 60 Zones • 6 degrees per zone • “N” or “S” • Example:

  20. UTM Coordinate System (US)

  21. UTM Coordinate System

  22. State Plane • Uses either Lambert Conformal Conic (East-West States) OR Transverse Mercator (North-South States) Projections • Units usually in feet

  23. State Plane Coordinate System

  24. Township & Range System

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