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Transport Across Plasma Membranes

Transport Across Plasma Membranes. (Diffusion and Osmosis). The cell’s inner pool is called: Intracellular fluid. In a multicellular organism, the fluid outside the cell is extracellular fluid.

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Transport Across Plasma Membranes

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  1. Transport Across Plasma Membranes (Diffusion and Osmosis)

  2. The cell’s inner pool is called: Intracellular fluid. • In a multicellular organism, the fluid outside the cell is extracellular fluid. • Movement between fluid compartments are governed in part by gradients, differences in the concentration of materials in one part compared to those in another.

  3. Two Kinds of Transport: • 1. Passive (Diffusion): materials move from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration, without energy expenditure by the cell. • 2. Active: movement of substances against concentration gradients (from low to high), requiring the expenditure of energy by the cell.

  4. Passive Transport and the Movement of Water (Osmosis) Water moves from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration.

  5. Solution (Solute and Solvent) • Solute: a substance that has been dissolved in a solvent. • Solvent: a substance capable of dissolving other molecules.

  6. Solutions can be: • Isotonic: two solutions having the same concentration of solutes. • Cells placed in isotonic solutions maintain their shapes.

  7. Hypotonic: having a lower concentration of solutes than another solution. • Cells swell in hypotonic solutions.

  8. Hypertonic: having a higher concentration of solutes than another solution. • Cells shrink in hypertonic solutions.

  9. True-false questions 1. A cell placed in an isotonic solution will swell. 2. A cell placed in hypertonic solution will swell. 3. A cell placed in hypotonic solution will swell.

  10. Answers • 1. F • 2. F • 3. T

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