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The red flag serves as a powerful symbol of defiance against oppression, contrasting with the white flag of surrender. Central to communist ideology are the hammer and sickle, representing the solidarity of industrial and agricultural workers. Additionally, the red star symbolizes either the five fingers of a worker or the five classes of socialist society: farmers, workers, intellectuals, soldiers, and youth. This analysis draws parallels with George Orwell's "Animal Farm," examining how the symbols employed by the animals reflect and evolve from those of communism throughout the narrative.
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Red Flag The red flag is the antithesis of the white flag. Where the white flag was flown on ships or castles to indicate that they were ready to surrender, the red flag was flown in a show of defiance to the enemy.
Hammer and Sickle The hammer represents the industrial labourers. The sickle (an instrument used to harvest grain) represents the agricultural workers (farmers). Together, they represent the united front of workers.
Red Star The 5 pointed, red star is said to represent either: the 5 fingers of the worker’s hands, or the 5 ‘classes’ of socialist society: farmers, workers, intellectuals, soldiers and youth.
Relate to Animal Farm • How do the symbols chosen by the animals of Animal Farm reflect the symbols used by communists? • How do the symbols change throughout the novel?
