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This article explores the challenges faced in developmental mathematics education, particularly the limited one-on-one instruction available to students. We discuss the "Two Sigma Problem" proposed by Benjamin Bloom, which highlights the effectiveness of individualized tutoring. The text reviews various promising solutions, including cognitive tutoring technologies, and their potential impact on student success. We emphasize the necessity of adopting these innovative strategies to foster better outcomes in math education. By leveraging technology, we can significantly improve learning experiences and results for struggling students.
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Why Should We Do It? We CAN Do Better!
Works Cited • Bloom, Benjamin S. "The 2 Sigma Probelm: The Search for Methods of Group Instruction as Effective as One-to-One Tutoring." Jstor. Educational Researcher, June-July 1984. Web. Mar. 2011. <http://web.mit.edu/5.95/readings/bloom-two-sigma.pdf>. • Corbett, Albert. "Cognitive Computer Tutors: Solving the Two-Sigma Problem." Springer Link. Springer, 2001. Web. 21 Apr. 2011. <http://www.springerlink.com/content/h6wvchfgg0u9pdjl/>. • Epper, Rhonda M., and Elaine Delott Baker. "Technology Solutions for Developmental Math: An Overview of Current and Emerging Practices." Gatesfoundation.org. Jan. 2009. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://www.gatesfoundation.org/learning/Documents/technology-solutions-for-developmental-math-jan-2009.pdf>. • Horn, Michael B., and Heather Staker. "The Rise of K-12 Blended Learning." Innosight Institute. Jan. 2011. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. <http://www.innosightinstitute.org/media-room/publications/education-publications/the-rise-of-k-12-blended-learning/>. • Koedinger, Kenneth R., and Albert Corbett. "Cognitive Tutors: Technology Bringing Learning Science to the Classroom." LearnLab. Cambridge University Press, 2006. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://www.learnlab.org/publications/papers.php>. • Lieb, Stephen. "Principles of Adult Learning." Home | Honolulu Community College. Fall 1991. Web. 6 Aug. 2009. <http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/committees/FacDevCom/guidebk/teachtip/adults-2.htm>. • Mishra, Punya, and Matthew J. Koehler. "Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge." Tpck.org. 2006. Web. Mar. 2011. <http://punya.educ.msu.edu/publications/journal_articles/mishra-koehler-tcr2006.pdf>. • U.S. Department of Education. "National Mathematics Advisory Panel." 13 Mar. 2008. ed.gov. 22 Apr. 2011. <http://www2.ed.gov/about/bdscomm/list/mathpanel/report/final-report.pdf>. • Wolf, Michael. "Visualizing Math: How Intelligent Tutoring Technology Can Help Math-Challenged Students." Educause Quarterly. Educause, 2010. Web. 21 Apr. 2011. <www.educause.edu>.