1 / 17

5 levels of organization:

5 levels of organization:. a. Protoplasmic : single cell, organelle level of function. b Cellular : aggregates of similar cells. c. Cell-Tissue : specialized cells form few tissues. d. Tissue-organ : different tissues organized into organs.

wcaron
Télécharger la présentation

5 levels of organization:

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 5 levels of organization: a. Protoplasmic: single cell, organelle level of function. b Cellular: aggregates of similar cells c. Cell-Tissue: specialized cells form few tissues d. Tissue-organ: different tissues organized into organs e. Organ-system: different organs work together in systems Increasing levels of complexity!!! 5

  2. 2. Tendency for maximum body size to increase…….. Fewer predators Better offense Temperature/environmental buffer Less energy to move around Increased complexity means better circulation and respiration so it is one way to get big. The other way is be a flat ribbon. So increased complexity ALLOWS organisms to get big. 2

  3. 3. Parenchyma and stroma: Parenchyma: functional cells of the body or organ. Stroma: connective/structural cells of the body or organ. 2

  4. 4. Fluid compartments in open and closed circulatory systems: Intracellular space: within cells, so - like cytoplasm. Extracellular space: fluid between cells Closed Circulatory Systems blood and plasma contained in vessels extracellular or interstitial fluid between cells 3

  5. Four major tissue types: Epithelial Connective Muscular Nervous 1

  6. 6. Simple vs. Stratified epithelial: Simple epithelial: single layer of cells with underlayment, delicate Stratified epithelial: two to many layers of cells with underlayment, tough and can withstand stretching. Good for lining because it is stretchy and cells are constantly being replaced. 1

  7. 7. 3 Elements and examples of connective tissue: Loose connective tissue Cells Fibers Ground substance Dense connective tissue Cartilage & Bone Alternative: Skin, bone, blood 3

  8. 8. 3 kinds of muscle: Skeletal: voluntary muscle, connected to bone, body movement. Striated. Smooth: involuntary muscle, lines tubes like gut and esophagus. Not striated Cardiac: involuntary muscle, specific to heart, hybrid between striated and smooth. 3

  9. 9. Structural and functional features of a neuron: Cell Body (soma) Dendrite Axon Terminus (synaptic) Myelin sheath 2

  10. 10. Matching: C Protozoan -- Unicellular G Nemertean -- Cell Aggregate D Flatworm -- Blind sac, acoelomate A Nemotode -- tube within a tube, pseudocolemate F Arthropod & B Vertebrate -- tube within a tube, eucolemate 5

  11. Symmetry: Spherical: many planes of symmetry, ball-like, volvox Radial: many planes of symmetry around a central axis: jellyfish (cnidarians)\ Biradial: many planes of symmetry around a central axis but with features that make them bilateral also: ctenophores Bilateral: two mirror images on either side of the sagittal plane 4

  12. 12. Body position Dorsal Anterior Posterior Lateral Proximal Distal Ventral 5

  13. 13. Body planes 3

  14. 14. Segmentation, also called metamerism. Serial repetition of similar body segments along the longitudinal axis. Significant evolutionary event permitting greater mobility and complexity. Annelida Chordata Arthropoda 2

  15. 15. 3

  16. 16. 2

  17. Total = 46 pts!!!

More Related