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Crystalline Solids

Crystalline Solids. BLB 12 th Chapter 12 Sections 1-3, 5. Types of Crystalline Solids p. 464. Macroscopic structure depends upon microscopic structure. Pyrite (FeS 2 , fool’s gold). Fluorite (CaF 2 ). Amethyst (SiO 2 ) – quartz + Fe & Mn.

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Crystalline Solids

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  1. Crystalline Solids BLB 12thChapter 12 Sections 1-3, 5

  2. Types of Crystalline Solids p. 464

  3. Macroscopic structure depends upon microscopic structure.

  4. Pyrite (FeS2, fool’s gold) Fluorite (CaF2) Amethyst (SiO2) – quartz + Fe & Mn

  5. Crystalline – atoms, ions, or molecules arranged orderly • Ionic compounds, diamond, sugar, ice • Amorphous – “without form”; lack the order of solids • Glass, plastic, wax, ceramics

  6. Crystal Terms • Crystal – • Crytal Lattice – • Unit cell – • Cell dimensions – a, b, c, α, β, γ face edge corner

  7. Crystalline lattice in two dimensions

  8. Crystalline lattice in three dimensions

  9. Filling the unit cell

  10. Types of Unit Cells

  11. Packing in Crystals • Atoms and ions are represented by spheres. • The spheres stack in different patterns three-dimensionally. • The close packing of spheres maximizes intermolecular force. • The patterns of stacking result in different types of unit cells and lattices.

  12. p. 468

  13. Types of cubic unit cells

  14. Body-centered cubic unit cell of C60

  15. Types of cubic unit cells • Three items to determine for each type: • Number of atoms per unit cell • Number of nearest neighbors for each atom • Relationship between sphere radius and the cell edge length, do?

  16. Primitive (simple) Cubic _______ atoms per unit cell _______ nearest neighbors

  17. Body-centered Cubic _______ atoms per unit cell _______ nearest neighbors

  18. Face-centered Cubic(result of close packing) _______ atoms per unit cell _______ nearest neighbors

  19. Close packing

  20. Close packing

  21. Close Packing Cubic close-packed (ccp) ABCABC layers Hexagonal close-packed (hcp) ABAB layers

  22. Close packing unit cell types

  23. What about the space left over?

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