Quoting

1. When quoting from another source, include the author, year of publication, and page number where the quote was found. According to Lincoln (1864), “Common looking people are the best in the world: that is the reason the Lord makes so many of them” (p. 200). He also stated, “Whenever I hear anyone arguing for slavery, I feel a strong impulse to see it tried on him personally” (Lincoln, 1864, p. 200); but he did not actually enslave anyone. • If a quote is > 40 words, then the quote should begin on the next line, be indented ½ inch from the left margin, and have no quotation marks. Adams (1992) in his book Mostly Harmless stated, Protect me from knowing what I don't need to know. Protect me from even knowing that there are things to know that I don't know. Protect me from knowing that I decided not to know about the things that I decided not to know about. Amen. (p. 200) Quoting

2. Paraphrasing refers to restating or summarizing an idea from another work in your own words • Provide the author and year of publication when paraphrasing A study by Freud (1930) found that young boys desire their mothers and resent their fathers. Another study found that Freud was a very sexually frustrated person who thought everyone was exactly like him (Plunk, 2011). Paraphrasing

3. Two authors of a publication are cited in a paper as follows: • Starsky and Hutch (2004) drove a red-and-white Ford Torino. • Your friend will get you into another nice mess (Laurel & Hardy, 1927). • First citations for a publication by 3-5 authors are cited as such: • According to Moe, Curly, and Larry (1934), the proper way to protect both eyeballs from an attack is with the hand-chop block. • Scholars have found that many shoplifters actually have sufficient funds to pay (Lohan, Ryder, Fox, Spears, & Tequila, 2011). • Subsequent citations for 3-5 authors are cited as such: • Moe et al. (1934) have anger management issues. • Judges are just unfair (Lohan et al., 2011). • Six or more authors are cited throughout a paper as such: • Bush et al. (2001) originally supported the Patriot Act. • Expansion of the Patriot Act is currently being supported (Obama et al., 2011). Multiple Author Citations

4. When paraphrasing from multiple sources, then citations will all appear within the parenthesis in alphabetical order (by first author) separated by a semicolon. • Enjoying life is related to many positive outcomes such as decreased risk of depression, increased personal relationships, and more life satisfaction (Ainsworth, Otten, & Lee, 2010; Plunkett, 2011; Satermoe et al., 2000). • In the example above, if each citation was related to a different outcome, then it would be cited as such: • Enjoying life is related to many positive outcomes such as decreased risk of depression (Satermoe et al., 2000), increased personal relationships (Ainsworth, Otten, & Lee, 2010), and more life satisfaction (Plunkett, 2011). • Other miscellaneous rules can be found here: • http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/ Other In-Text Citation Rules