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Organic Compounds

Organic Compounds. Carbon Bonding Forms 4 covalent bonds in chains or rings. 1. Carbon Prefixes. 6 C = hex- 7 C = hept- 8 C = oct- 9 C = non- 10 C = dec-. 1 C = meth- 2 C = eth- 3 C = prop- 4 C = but- 5 C = pent-. HYDROCARBONS. Carbon and Hydrogen atoms.

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Organic Compounds

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  1. Organic Compounds Carbon Bonding Forms 4 covalent bonds in chains or rings 1

  2. Carbon Prefixes 6 C = hex- 7 C = hept- 8 C = oct- 9 C = non- 10 C = dec- 1 C = meth- 2 C = eth- 3 C = prop- 4 C = but- 5 C = pent-

  3. HYDROCARBONS Carbon and Hydrogen atoms. Alkanes - carbons single bonded. name ends -ane formula = CnH2n+2 name starts cyclo- in a ring

  4. Hydrocarbon Drawings Condensed Structure CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 Carbon Skeleton C-C-C-C

  5. Carbon Branches Carbons replace H’s on the chain/ring Alkyl groups 1 C = methyl 2 C = ethyl 3 C = propyl /isopropyl 4 C = butyl / sec-butyl / isobutyl / tert-butyl Benzene ring branch = phenyl

  6. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Alkenes - have 1 or more double bonded C’s name ends –ene Alkynes - have 1 or more triple bonded C’s name ends –yne Aromatics - contains a benzene ring, C6H6 name ends -benzene

  7. Functional Groups Replacement of hydrogen by halogens, nitrogen, or oxygen

  8. Halide branches of Fluoro, Chloro, Bromo, Iodo Amine nitrogen with up to 3 carbon branches name ends with amine

  9. Alcohol - OH branch Add suffix -anol Ether O has two carbon branches name ends with ether

  10. Aldehyde O is double bonded on an end Add suffix –anal Ketone O is double bonded to the middle Add suffix –anone

  11. Carboxylic Acid double bonded O and an OH are on an end Add suffix –anoic acid Ester double bonded O and O in the carbon chain Add suffix –anoate on the double bonded O side

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