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This module explores the fascinating history of rocketry, tracing its development from ancient times to contemporary uses. Starting with Archytas' flying pigeon in 300 BC and the Chinese fire arrows around 100 AD, it covers significant milestones like the Congreve rockets during the War of 1812 and Robert Goddard's early 20th-century experiments. The module highlights key advancements in missile technology, including the V2 rockets of World War II, America's Redstone and Atlas missiles, and modern commercial spaceflight with Ariane rockets.
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Module 4 . Rocketry Part 1: History & Uses Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
What We Will Learn • A history of rockets • Types and uses of rockets Page 2, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Ancient Times • Around 300 BC • Archytas makes a “flying pigeon” • 100 BC • Hero (of Alexandria) builds the aeolipilewhich used heat and water . Page 3, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Around 100 AD The Chinese develop “fire arrows” using black gunpowder Page 5, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
100 AD + Page 5, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
1232 AD Chinese use rockets against the Mongols at Kai-fung-fu Page 6, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
1804 - 1860 Congreve Rockets Page 6, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
The War of 1812 “…and the rockets’ red glare…” Page 7, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
1821 + Note circular blast shield Page 8, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
By 1870 Rockets carried rescue lines to stranded ships Page 9, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
1914 Robert Goddard, “father of American rocketry”, launches a solid-fuel rocket Page 10, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
1926 Goddard flies a Liquid-fueled rocket. In Germany, experimenters begin to develop his ideas . Page 11, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
1943 - 1945 • World-War II • Germany launches V2 rockets at targets in France and England. • 46 feet long • Alcohol & liquid oxygen • 1650 pound warhead • altitude up to 300,000 feet • velocities to 3500 mph . Page 13, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
1953 –1960’s • Redstone Rocket • Developed from German V2 rocket • First flight in 1953 • Operational in 1958 • First rocket of U.S. space program . Page 14, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
1957 - 1978 • Atlas Missile • 10 feet diameter x 75 feet long • 360,000 pounds thrust • 16,000 – 17,500 mph • 6300 mile range • 1st ICBM Page 15, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Atlas Silo 1960’s Page 16, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Soviet Missiles Page 16, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Standard Missile 1970’s to today USN surface-air & ship-ship Range to 200 miles Page 17, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Sidewinder Air-Air missile Heat-seeking passive guidance . First used in Vietnam, still used today Page 18, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Air-Air Launch Sparrow: semi-active guidance . Page 19, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Arianne Rocket ESA European Space Agency Ariane is a commercial rocket Ariane 1: 1979 Ariane 5: 1997 Page 20, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
ME-263 1945: German fighter, 620 mph
X-15 1959 – 1968 4,520 mph 354,200 feet
Ercoupe The Ercoupe: 1941 – 1967
JATO Jet Assisted Take-Off 1929 Junkers-33 seaplane took off with aid of attached rockets 1941 Rockets mounted to Ercoupe shorten takeoff Page 22, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
JATO Today C-130 with 8 JATO rockets . Page 24, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
The future? . The ion engine - for space flight Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (1) You build and fly them yourself ! . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (2) They come in many sizes, From small… . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (3) . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (4) … to large . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (5) And in-between ! . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (6) They come in all shapes, too ! . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (7) Even small ones can go 1000 feet high … and return to earth from parachutes to be used again. . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (8) Prepare for launch ! . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (9) And watch them fly ! . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (10) We will be doing our rocketry program soon . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
Model Rockets (11) • Come blast off with the NCS rocket program • Next week: • Learn about rocket design • Learn how rockets fly • Try an experiment or two . Page 21, Module 1, Part 1 Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh
