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Thursday, April 17 th. Pick up a slip of paper from the bin on Ms. Gammie’s desk. It does not matter which one you take. Read the proposed law. If you were a member of Congress, would you vote to pass this law? Why or why not?.
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Thursday, April 17th • Pick up a slip of paper from the bin on Ms. Gammie’s desk. It does not matter which one you take. • Read the proposed law. If you were a member of Congress, would you vote to pass this law? Why or why not?
Should a democratic government seek to protect individual rights or promote the common good?
Progressive Reforms Categories Economic, Moral, Political, Social Specific ReformsMoral Reforms (yesterday we did Economics)
Moral Reforms Newsboys and Bootblacks Playing Craps – Lewis Hine (1912)
Moral Reform Many felt the morals of our society were at the root of many problems at the turn of the century. Moral Reformers were trying to fix the values and ethical problems of society.The specific problems were: 1. Drunkenness 2. Gambling 3. Prostitution 4. “Americanize” Immigrants 5. Restrict Entry of New Immigrants Night School in the Seventh Avenue Lodging House – Jacob Riis
“The Ten Dialogues on the Effects of Ardent Spirits” • A children’s book, published in 1831
“The Ten Dialogues on the Effects of Ardent Spirits” • Take 5 minutes to read the passage silently to yourself. Underline what you believe is the central argument(s) of the passage. • On a separate sheet of paper, answer the following questions: • How does the author use structure to effectively reach his target audience? • How does the text structure help to emphasize the key points made?
Question to Think About . . . • Are we are a nation of drunkards? • What does history tell us?Let’s find out …
Moral Reform – Meeting GoalsSpecific Problem..............................Goal for Reformers “Americanize” Immigrants...................Mandatory Education Restrict Entry of New Immigrants.......Quotas/Exclusions 1. Drunkenness.......................................Eliminate Alcohol Use 2. Gambling ............................................Eliminate Alcohol Use 3. Prostitution .........................................Eliminate Alcohol Use Elimination of Alcohol Use = Temperance Movement and Eventually Prohibition
Moral Reform • The Evils of AlcoholThe Temperance Movement
Organizations promoting Temperance • Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU): tried to get people to pledge to abstain from drinking alcohol. • Anti-Saloon League: wanted to pass legislation that would stop the sale and consumption of alcohol in the US. Largely responsible for passing the 18th amendment.
Cartoon Analysis • Please circle any symbols and key words or phrases on the cartoon that you picked-up that you think are important to linking it to moral reforms. Be ready to discuss!
Cartoon Analysis • Please circle any symbols and key words or phrases on the cartoon that you picked up that you think are important to linking it to moral reforms. Be ready to discuss!
Food for thought:Why would women be among the strongest supporters of temperance?
Because… • Adult men were most likely to abuse alcohol, so • Women were often the targets of domestic abuse that happened when men had been drinking • Women would want to protect their children • Women had no other forum to make their needs known because they did not have the power to vote!
Extremely religious upbringing Married a drinker who died when their daughter was an infant Divorced from second marriage Carrie NationTemperance Reformer
Used a hatchet to meet goals of temperance movement: 1. destroy property2. convert saloon keepers Carrie’s Nickname – “Saloon Hatcher”
On the other hand…. • Prohibition could be considered unconstitutional Takes away the rights of businesses and individuals • The majority of Americans were responsible drinkers Why should everyone be punished? • Perhaps restrictions did not have to be so severe After all, Jesus turned water into wine!
Your Task: • Assume the role of a Prohibitionist or an anti-Prohibitionist. • Write a BuzzFeedlist persuading your answer to either support or oppose temperance. • Each item on your list should have: • A statement • A symbol or picture • And a comment Also be sure to promote either individual rights or the common good!
Another New Amendment! • 18th Amendment (1919)Prohibited manufacture, storage, transportation and sale of alcohol and alcoholic beverages. • This is Prohibition!
Anti-Saloon League paper, The American Issue, with headline, "U.S. Is Voted Dry", Anti-Saloon League Museum
Bootleggers Organized Crime Speakeasies
The Official End of Prohibition! The 21st Amendment is approved on December 5, 1933, overriding the 18th Amendment that began Prohibition.
Closer, 4/17 • “The temperance movement, discouraging the use of alcoholic beverages, had been active and influential in the United States since at least the 1830s. Since the use of alcohol was often associated with such social ills as poverty and insanity, temperance often went hand in hand with other reform movements. From the 1850s onward, the temperance movement focused much of its efforts on Irish and German immigrants.” • Library of Congress Why do you think that the temperance movement focused on immigrants living in cities?
