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Beginnings of German History. 800, Karl der Grosse (Charlemagne), emperor in Aachen Feudal system within a large number of principalities No centralization (compared to France or England. Middle Ages.
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Beginnings of German History • 800, Karl der Grosse (Charlemagne), emperor in Aachen • Feudal system within a large number of principalities • No centralization (compared to France or England
Middle Ages • Reign of dynasties (Wittelsbacher, Hohenstaufen, Welfs etc.) with the support of knights and vassals (aristocracy a warrior class) • Growth of towns, guilds, merchants • Beginnings of Prussia in 1226 • 1348-50 Black Death
Reformation • Johannes Gutenberg (ca. 1400-1468) • Martin Luther (1483-1546) • Ca. 1500 Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (a patchwork of dynastic and ecclesiastical dynasties, governed by Karl V. of Spain and the Augsburg Fugger family) • 1524-26 German peasants’ war
1600s-1800s • Thirty Years War (1618-1648) • Rise of Prussia in 18th century • Ages of Absolutism, Enlightenment, and Industrialism • 1806/1815 German Confederation • 1848 German Revolution
Germany/Germanies/Germany • 1871 German Unification under Otto von Bismarck • 1914-1918 World War I • 1918-1933 Weimar Republic • 1933-1945 Third Reich/National Socialism • 1949-1989 East and West G. (BRD & DDR) • 1989- Federal Republic of Germany