1 / 33

Integrating Cities II “Migrant entrepreneurs: integrating success stories” Milan, 5 nov. 2007

Integrating Cities II “Migrant entrepreneurs: integrating success stories” Milan, 5 nov. 2007. Milanese Economy. 432.000 enterprises in Milan area= 1 firm every 8 residents Provide 10% of Italian GNP 95% of the enterprises in Milan have less than 10 employees

wiley
Télécharger la présentation

Integrating Cities II “Migrant entrepreneurs: integrating success stories” Milan, 5 nov. 2007

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Integrating Cities II “Migrant entrepreneurs: integrating success stories”Milan, 5 nov. 2007

  2. Milanese Economy • 432.000 enterprises in Milan area= 1 firm every 8 residents • Provide 10% of Italian GNP • 95% of the enterprises in Milan have less than 10 employees • Employment rate in Milan: 70% Unemployment rate: 4% In accordance to Lisbon targets

  3. Milanese Economy - II • Import-export trade: euro 125mld (2006) • An open economy: Milan: opening rate of 92% Italy: 48% • In Milan, 3000 foreign enterprises partaken by Italian firms: 42% of all enterprises in Italy • 2000 Italian multinationals

  4. Richness Income level for inhabitant is 50% bigger than national rate 18% of the families spends over 3000 euros for month: they cover 40% of total consumptions Poverty 22,3% of the families spends less of 1000 euros for month 90.000 families under “poverty threshold” Milanese Society

  5. Migrant Enterprises • In 2006 20.138 non-Italian enterprises +10,7% (2005/2006) • 12,7% of all the single ownership enterprises (Milan province) • Income: 30mld euros (8% to the total) • Provide 19.000 jobs in a year (in 2005: 3600 to Italian citizens) • Most relevant field: tertiary

  6. Who are foreign entrepreneurs in Milan? ARABIAN: young, male and dealers In Milan, 9.500 enterprises with owners coming from Muslim countries: 50,6% of all non Italian enterprises • Egyptian: 4.525 enterprises (+14,7%): specialized in buildings • Morocco: 1795 enterprises • Bengali: 687

  7. Who are foreign entrepreneurs in Milan? CHINESE In Milan, 2.800 enterprises with Chinese owners (1.900 located in the downtown) • Their income: 550 millions euros (+10% a year) • Activity fields: • Commercial activity: more than 50% • Manufacturing: 28% • Restaurants: 13%

  8. Who are foreign entrepreneurs in Milan? WOMEN 2007: In Milan, 3.100 enterprises with foreign women as owners: ( +60% in last 5 years). They are 17% of all foreign entrepreneurs • Egyptian women are only 3,4 of all foreign entrepreneurs • Chinese women are 41%! • Italian women in Milan own 20% of single ownership enterprises

  9. Who are foreign entrepreneurs in Milan? NEW BORNS: • In Milan, 1 out of 3 new baby born has almost an non Italian parent • Immigrates have usually a better fertility rate • Chinese and Egyptian women have also better fertility rates in Italy than in their countries: Egyptian women: +2,1 sons in Italy compared to their situation in Egypt, in particular thanks to Italian medical assistance.

  10. Who are foreign entrepreneurs in Milan? YOUNG PEOPLE • 12% of foreign entrepreneurs in Milan is less than 29 years old. Only 6% of Italian entrepreneurs in Milan are less than 29. • Average age: Italian: 45 years old Chinese: 39 years old

  11. Educational background of foreign entrepreneurs in Milan • 14% has a university degree. Between them, 8% has also a post-university education • Africans are more cultivated: 62% has a high school or university degree. • Half of east Europeans has attended only primary school. • 12% of Asians and 8% of Latin Americans have never gone to school. • But only 1 foreign school qualification out of 5 is accredited in Italy

  12. What do foreign entrepreneurs make? • 1 out of 3: trade at retail and restaurants Milan spends about 80 millions euros for year to eat in ethnic restaurants. 1 restaurants out of 8 in Milan is ethnic. • House building (17% of all building activities in Milan) • Carriage services (15% of all carriage activities in Milan)

  13. Model of ownership of foreign enterprises • Swiss and US citizens are the most numerous foreign nationalities for charges (owners, associates, directors,…) in enterprises • 37.000 non europeans with charges in enterprises in Milan

  14. Difficulties for migrant entrepreneurs in Milan

  15. CRITICALNESSES LACK OF EXPERIENCE • Only 9,5% of foreign entrepreneurs has had a previous experience in business • 4% has arrived directly from abroad • 5% has arrived from other parts of Italy • 8% was previously unemployed

  16. CRITICALNESSES SELF-EMPLOYEMENT Main reasons to open a new activity: • To try to achieve better earnings • To reach autonomy and self realisation • To obtain a better work quality • To find a job … 6th place: to obtain or keep the stay permission in Italy

  17. CRITICALNESSES WORKING DIFFICULTIES • 77% of Asians and 43% of Africans entrepreneurs in Milan think their earnings as not congruous • 1 out of 3 Africans and 1out of 5 Asians would like to come back to their native countries

  18. Where do immigrants live?

  19. Where do immigrants live? • Private home (53% in 2002, 36,8% in 1997) • House – sharing (32,1% in 2002, 41,7% in 1997) • Precarious situation (5,1% in 2002, 10,3% in 1997) • Job place (7,4% in 2002, 5,1% in 1997)

  20. Where do immigrants work?

  21. Where do immigrants work?

  22. Immigrants and labour market • 25% younger than 30 years old • 75% need to be trained • 47% previous experience required All datas are from Excelsior 2007

  23. Immigrants and labour market - II • More than9.000 new jobs in services, especially in: • cleaning, renting, vigilance • hotels, restaurants, tourist services All datas are from Excelsior 2007

  24. Immigrants and labour market - III Size of recruting enterprises All datas are from Excelsior 2007

  25. Milanese people and foreigners Ricerca Camera di commercio di Milano, luglio 2007 su oltre 1.000 italiani. Messa a confronto con analoga ricerca del 2006

  26. Milanese people and foreigners - II Product security • European Commission (data RAPEX 2005): ¼ of dangerous products are toys. 85% of toys comes from China. • In 4 years CCIA of Milan made 1.453 checks to verify product safeness: 12% of the checks was about toys and 1 sanction out of 20 had been inflicted for toys. • In last three years checks, CCIA found that: • 1 household appliances out of 4 does not fit the standards. • Almost 1 textile product out of 10 does not fit the standards.

  27. Example of city planning BARCELONA ACTIVA PROGRAM • In the last 7 years an immigration boom in Barcelona • 100.000 participants. 27,9% are immigrants • Barcelona Activa support 1182 recently created business: 372 were promoted by immigrants. 6200 immigrants participated to the program last year.

  28. Barcelona Activa Program CHALLENGES • Access to labour market • Future of labour market • Avoid excessive concentration of migrant/ethnic oriented business (bad for social cohesion) • Integrating immigrant business in general network • Fighting negative perceptions • Social mobility is crucial for social cohesion

  29. Example of city planning II CITY OF MILAN PROJECTS: • To promote micro bank credit • To fight illegal immigration • To promote employment • “Osservatorio Permanente su Occupazione”: a dynamic tool • Educational Project abroad • Call for young talents in Milan (university and internship programs)

  30. Example of a successful immigrant entrepreneur • ETNOCOM is a society that is concerned about enterprises and institutions’ communication to foreigners. • Advertising market does not fit immigrants likes and needs (because of the language, …). But immigrants have needs and wishes quite similar to Italians. There is a problem of communication. • ETNOCOM realized advertising campaigns (especially on papers) for companies that want to address themselves to immigrants: it is a way to integration too.(ex.PAN project)

  31. Example of successful immigrant entrepreneur II • “IMPRESA ETNICA” is a magazine about ethnic enterprises. • Importance to ethnic networks: • Formal ones • Informal ones Importance to make the informal became formal. Importance to communicate differences and take advantage of them. • Intervention assumption: welfare

  32. ASIIM ASSOCIATION FOR IMMIGRANT ENTRPRENEURS IN MILAN • It is a “second level” association to createservices for immigrant entrepreneurs • Foreign entrepreneurs are not less important than Italians: • their chances to succeed are the same of Italians • When they succeed, they produce employment • They satisfy the generational replacement in some fields They have the same problems of Italians entrepreneurs but with a bigger difficulty rate.

  33. Thanks Renato Mattioni Milan Chamber of commerce Tel. +39 02 8515 1 www.mi.camcom.it Via Meravigli, 9/B Milan - Italy

More Related