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Measurements

1. Measurements. The Metric system was developed in France during the Napoleonic reign of France in the 1790's. 2. Which other countries, besides the U.S., do not use the metric system?. STAT FACT.

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Measurements

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  1. 1 Measurements The Metric system was developed in France during the Napoleonic reign of France in the 1790's.

  2. 2 Which other countries, besides the U.S., do not use the metric system? STAT FACT According to a survey taken many years ago, the only other countries that have notofficially adopted the metric system are Liberia (in western Africa) and Myanmar (also known as Burma, in Southeast Asia).

  3. 3 Accurate Measurements • Accurate=how close the measurement is to the actual measurement. • Be sure we can compare our measurements to other people. • Scientists make repeated • measurements to increase the validity • and reliability of the results.

  4. Accuracy vs. precision 4 Precision: When taking the same measurement over and over you get the same results. YOU CAN BE PRESISE BUT STILL BE WRONG. Accuracy: How close your results are to the TRUE/REAL results

  5. 5

  6. 6 • A Measurement system • must be agreed upon and • cannot change Ex: The foot.

  7. 7 Le Systeme Internationale d’Unites (SI) • 1960 • Based on Metric System

  8. 8 Standards • Exact quantity that people agree to use for a certain measurement. • Ex: The meter • The speed that light travels in a vacuum 1/299 792 458 of a second. • Why….This seems CRAZY!!! • The meter Clip

  9. 9 Another Example of a Standard …..The kilogram The official kilogram, made of platinum-iridium, remains in France at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures Clip

  10. 10 Le Systeme Internationale d’Unites (SI) • English: International System of Units • Each measurement has a base unit.

  11. 11 SI System Based on multiples of ten. Examples of base units • Length • Meter • Mass • Gram • Volume • Liter • Time • Second • Temperature • -Kelvin • Energy • -Joule • Electric Current • -Ampere

  12. Prefixes are used with the base units to indicate what multiple of ten should be used. The most common prefixes are: Prefix- Symbol Multiple Kilo- k 1,000 Hecto- h 100 Deca- D 10 Deci- d .1 Centi- c .01 Mili- m .001 12 Prefixes BASE UNIT

  13. 13 Laboratory Apparatuses for making Measurements

  14. LENGTH 14 Distance

  15. 15 Length Distance Meter Stick • 1m = 100 Centimeters • 1m = 1000 millimeters 1cm = 10 mm Each line on the meter stick is a millimeter.

  16. 16 Meter Stick The last digit in all measurements is an estimate digit.

  17. MASS 17 Amount of matter in an object

  18. 18 Triple Beam BalanceGrams 300 +70 +3.31 =373.31g

  19. VOLUME 19 Space occupied

  20. 20 Length width Height Length x Height x Width =Volume

  21. 21 Graduated Cylinder Volume • Space an object occupies

  22. 22

  23. 23

  24. 24 Metric Conversions • A conversion is changing the way you state the same amount! • Ex: 1 dollar • 4 quarters, 100 pennies, 10 dimes • 1meter = 100centimeters • Simply move your decimal point.

  25. 25 Let’s do some practice problems YEAH!

  26. TEMPERATURE 26 12 Kinetic Energy

  27. 27 17 TemperatureFahrenheit vs. Celsius vs. Kelvin 1742, Anders Celsius (1701-1744) Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) 1714:Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) Video Clip Superfridge

  28. 28

  29. 29 Mass per unit Volume DENSITY

  30. 30 Derived Units Obtained by combining different units. Ex: Density Density is the amount of mass per unit volume. D = m/v

  31. 30 TYPES OF DATAQuantitative vs. Qualitative • If the data collected involve observations without measurements or numbers, then it is referred to as qualitative data. • Quantitative data involves numbers or measurements.

  32. 31 Get Graph Paper

  33. Extras…

  34. 32 Significant Figures • For measured numbers, significant figures relate the certainty of the measurement. • As the number of significant figures increases, the more certain the measurement.

  35. Your answer cannot be more accurate than the equipment used to make the measurement. • The accuracy of the result is limited by the least accurate measurement.

  36. Sig Fig Rules

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