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Deep/Systemic Mycoses: Overview of Fungal Infections and Diagnostic Techniques

Deep/Systemic Mycoses encompass a group of fungi causing systemic infections, ranging from subclinical to severe diseases. Learn about Aspergillus, Candida, Cryptococcus, Penicillium marneffei, and other relevant fungi, diagnostic methods like direct examinations, sputum cultures, and clinical manifestations. This comprehensive guide covers common species, systemic diseases, and causative agents, aiding in understanding and managing these infections effectively.

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Deep/Systemic Mycoses: Overview of Fungal Infections and Diagnostic Techniques

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  1. DEEP / SYSTEMIC MYCOSES Dr. A.Aziz Djamal MSc.DTM&H.SpMK(K)

  2. There are two types : Cosmopolitant : Aspergillus, Candida and Cryptococcosis. 2. Exotic type : In a specific area Penicillium marneffei

  3. Deep / Systemic Mycoses A Group of Fungi that cause a variety of systemic / deep seated infection each ranging in severity from subclinical to progressive , debilitating diseases

  4. Several Deep Mycoses : Aspergillus. Candida Cryptococcus Penicillicium marneffei. Coccidioides. Paracoccidioides. Mucormycoses. Paehypomycoses Blastomycoses. Pseudallescheriasis. Fusariosis

  5. Aspergillus Common species : Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus flavus

  6. Aspergillus Characteristic Typically asexual sporulationSeptatehyphaePalliadesVesicleMicroconidia

  7. Aspergillus systemic diseases Sinusitis : Unilateral,non-invasive, maxillary sinus. Pulmonary aspergilloma : Free and mobile Fungus ball in residual lung cavity/tb ,interwoven hyphae, haemoptysis. Invasive Pulmonary aspergillosis : With or Without Deep Lesion. Fatal opportunistic infection in certain group of netrophenia, extrapulmonary. AIDS.

  8. Diagnoses : 1.Sinusitus aspergillus : Direct examination or histological biopsy examination. 2. Pulmonary aspergilloma : Sputum culture. Precipitin specific to A. fumigatus or A. flavus 3. Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis : Clinical outcome, Immune status and fungus isolation.

  9. Systemic Candidiasis Only on Predisposed patient / Opportunistic. Local or systemic predisposing factors. Persoption not exogenous infection.

  10. Clinical Manifestation : Oesophagitis colitis Pulmonary candidosis ( haematagenous or direct contact) Kidney Eye Chronic : Liver and Spleen Abscesin leukemia Meningitis in premature baby.Endocarditis in heart surgery / valve prothesis

  11. Cryptococcoses Causative Agent :Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans ( cosmopolitant) var gattii ( Exclusive in tropic )

  12. Cryptococcus neoformans Yeast : 4-6 micrometer characteristic capsule ext ; 25 micrometer. capsule : complex polysaccharide polymer Glucoronoxylomannan ( GXM)

  13. Mostly in Impaired immunity patient:20-25 % of AIDS patients in South east Asia.Mostly varneoformans 99 %Aerial transmission-lung-meningitis

  14. Others : HistoplasmacapsulatumBlastomycesdermatitidis and Coccidioidesimmitis

  15. Candida cause systemic infection :1. C. albicans.2. C. parapsilosis.3. C. tropicalis.4. C. krusei.5. C. gulliermondii.6. C. kefyr.7. C. lusitaniae8. C. zeylanoides.9. C. glabrata.

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