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Hydrogen

Hydrogen. Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish at 1766 in London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek words " hydro " and "genes " meaning " water " and " generator “ Hydrogen is the lightest element

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Hydrogen

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  1. Hydrogen • Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish at 1766 in London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek words "hydro" and "genes" meaning "water" and "generator“ • Hydrogen is the lightest element • It is by far the most abundant element in the universe and makes up about about 90% of the universe by weight

  2. Helium • Helium was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and independently by N. A. Langley and P. T. Cleve at 1895 in London, England and Uppsala, Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek word "helios" meaning "sun“ • Helium is one of the so-called noble gases • Helium gas is an unreactive, colorless, and odorless monoatomic gas

  3. Lithium • Lithium was discovered by Johan August Arfvedson at 1817 in Stockholm, Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek word "lithos" meaning "stone", apparently because it was discovered from a mineral source whereas the other two common Group 1 elements, sodium and potassium, were discovered from plant sources • Lithium is a Group 1 (IA) element containing just a single valence electron • Lithium is a solid only about half as dense as water and lithium metal is the least dense metal.

  4. Beryllium • Beryllium was discovered by Nicholas Louis Vauquelin (1763-1829) at 1797 in France. Origin of name: from the Greek word "beryllos" meaning "beryl • Beryllium is a Group 2 (IIA) element • It is a metal and has a high melting point

  5. Boron • Boron was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy, Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac, L.J. Th&�nard at 1808 in England, France. Origin of name: from the Arabic word "buraq" and the Persian word "burah“ • Boron is a Group 13 element that has properties which are borderline between metals and non-metals (semimetallic) • It is a semiconductor rather than a metallic conductor

  6. Carbon • Carbon was discovered by Known since ancient times although not recognized as an element until much later. at no data in not known. Origin of name: from the Latin word "carbo" meaning "charcoal“ • Carbon is a Group 14 element and is distributed very widely in nature • It is found in abundance in the sun, stars, comets, and atmospheres of most planets.

  7. Nitrogen • Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford at 1772 in Scotland. Origin of name: from the Greek words "nitron genes" meaning "nitre" and "forming" and the Latin word "nitrum" (nitre is a common name for potassium nitrate, KNO#). • Nitrogen is a Group 15 element. • Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the atmosphere by volume but the atmosphere of Mars contains less than 3% nitrogen

  8. Oxygen • Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley, Carl Scheele at 1774 in England, Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek words "oxy genes" meaning "acid" (sharp) and "forming" (acid former). • Oxygen is a Group 16 element. • While about one fifth of the atmosphere is oxygen gas, the atmosphere of Mars contains only about 0.15% oxygen

  9. Fluorine • Fluorine was discovered by Henri Moissan at 1886 in France. Origin of name: from the Latin word "fluere" meaning "to flow".In1670 a recipe containing Bohemian • Fluorine is a Group 17 element. • Fluorine is the most electronegative and reactive of all elements.

  10. Neon • Neon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay, Morris W. Travers at 1898 in London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek word "neon" meaning "new • Neon is a very inert element • Neon forms an unstable hydrate

  11. Sodium • Sodium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1807 in England. Origin of name: from the English word "soda" (the origin of the symbol Na comes from the Latin word "natrium") • Sodium is a Group 1 element (or IA in older labelling styles). • Group 1 elements are often referred to as the "alkali metals".

  12. Magnesium • Magnesium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1755 in England. Origin of name: from the Greek word "Magnesia", a district of Thessaly • Magnesium is a grayish-white, fairly tough metal. • Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust although not found in it's elemental form

  13. Aluminum • Aluminumwas discovered by Hans Christian Oersted at 1825 in Denmark. Origin of name: from the Latin word "alumen" meaning "alum“ • Pure aluminum is a silvery-white metal with many desirable characteristics • It is light, nontoxic (as the metal), nonmagnetic and nonsparking. It is somewhat decorative

  14. Silicon • Silicon was discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius at 1824 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Latin word "silicis" meaning "flint". • Silicon is present in the sun and stars and is a principal component of a class of meteorites known as aerolites • Silicon makes up 25.7% of the earth's crust by weight, and is the second most abundant element, exceeded only by oxygen

  15. Phosphorus • Phosphorus was discovered by Hennig Brand at 1669 in Germany. Origin of name: from the Greek word "phosphoros" meaning "bringer of light" (an ancient name for the planet Venus? • Phosphorus is commonly misspelled "phosphorous". • It is an essential component of living systems and is found in nervous tissue, bones and cell protoplasm.

  16. Sulfur • Sulfur was discovered by Known since ancient times at no data in not known. Origin of name: from the Sanskrit word "sulvere" meaning "sulphur"; also from the Latin word "sulphurium" meaning "sulphur". • Sulphur (sulfur) is a pale yellow, odourless, brittle solid, which is insoluble in water but soluble in carbon disulphide • Sulphur is essential to life. It is a minor constituent of fats, body fluids, and skeletal minerals.

  17. Chlorine • Chlorine was discovered by Carl William Scheele at 1774 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek word "chloros" meaning "pale green". • Chlorine is a greenish yellow gas which combines directly with nearly all elements. • Chlorine is a respiratory irritant.

  18. Argon • Argon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay, Lord Rayleigh at 1894 in Scotland. Origin of name: from the Greek word "argos" meaning "inactive". • Argon is a colourless and odourless gas present to a very small extent in the atmosphere. • Argon is very inert (indeed it is referred to as one of the noble gases) and is not known to form true chemical compounds.

  19. Potassium • Potassium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1807 in England. Origin of name: from the English word "potash" (pot ashes) and the Arabic word "qali" meaning alkali (the origin of the symbol K comes from the Latin word "kalium"). • Potassium is a metal and is the seventh most abundant and makes up about 1.5 % by weight of the earth's crust. • Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and it is found in most soils

  20. Calcium • Calcium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1808 in England. Origin of name: from the Latin word "calx" meaning "lime". • Calcium as the element is a grey silvery metal. The metal is rather hard. • Calcium is an essential constituent of leaves, bones, teeth, and shells.

  21. Scandium • Scandium was discovered by Lars Fredrik Nilson at 1879 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Latin word "Scandia" meaning "Scandinavia • Scandium is a silvery-white metal which develops a slightly yellowish or pinkish cast upon exposure to air. • It is relatively soft, and resembles yttrium and the rare-earth metals more than it resembles aluminium or titanium.

  22. Titanium • Titanium was discovered by William Gregor at 1791 in England. Origin of name: named after the "Titans", (the sons of the Earth goddess in Greek mythology). • Titanium s a lustrous, white metal when pure. Titanium minerals are quite common. • The metal has a low density, good strength, is easily fabricated, and has excellent corrosion resistance.

  23. Vanadium • Vanadium was discovered by Andres Manuel del Rio and Nils Sefström at 1801 in Mexico and Sweden. Origin of name: named after "Vanadis", the goddess of beauty in Scandinavian mythology • Pure vanadium is a greyish silvery metal, and is soft and ductile. • It has good corrosion resistance to alkalis, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and salt waters

  24. Chromium • Chromium was discovered by Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin at 1797 in France. Origin of name: from the Greek word "chroma" meaning "colour", named for the many coloured compounds known for chromium • Chromium is steel-gray, lustrous, hard, metallic, and takes a high polish. • Its compounds are toxic

  25. Manganese • Manganese was discovered by Johann Gahn at 1774 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Latin word "magnes" meaning "magnet", or "magnesia nigri" meaning "black magnesia" (MnO2 • Manganese metal is gray-white, resembling iron, but is harder and very brittle. • The metal is reactive chemically, and decomposes cold water slowly. Manganese is widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom.

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