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AP Statistics

This section focuses on organizing data from two categorical variables using a two-way table, which allows for the calculation of marginal and conditional distributions. Marginal distributions summarize row and column totals, while conditional distributions provide insights by calculating percentages using either the row or column total. Practical examples involve analyzing movie ratings and reviews. Additionally, the concept of Simpson’s Paradox is introduced, which highlights how combining data can alter associations. This foundational understanding aids in effectively analyzing and visualizing categorical data.

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AP Statistics

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  1. AP Statistics Section 4.2 Relationships between Categorical Variables

  2. Objective: To be able to organize data in a two-way table and calculate marginal and conditional distributions. A two-way table is a method used to organize data from 2 categorical variables. Ex. Organize the reviews and ratings of 90 movies in a two-way table.

  3. Marginal distributions are distributions created by the row/column totals. They can be given in counts or percents. They are called marginal because they can be found in the margins of the table. Use the table total to change to percents. The best way to display categorical data is through the use of a _________________. Conditional distributions are distributions that use either the row total or the column total to calculate the percentages. These distributions are found within the table. Key words: among, given, of

  4. Ex. Find the marginal distribution of ratings in percents. Ex. Find the conditional distribution of reviews among the 3-star movies. Ex. Create a segmented bar chart of review for 3-star movies and 5-star movies.

  5. Simpson’s Paradox: refers to a reversal of the direction of an association when data from several two-way tables is combined to form one two-way table.

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