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Colonial America: An introduction to US History

Colonial America: An introduction to US History. Please take notes on Cornell note paper Pay attention to blue underlined KEY TERMS This is an overview of the main ideas from Chapter 1 and will be on the unit exam on 5/28. Dates colonies were established. Virginia 1607 New Hampshire 1623

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Colonial America: An introduction to US History

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  1. Colonial America:An introduction to US History • Please take notes on Cornell note paper • Pay attention to blue underlined KEY TERMS • This is an overview of the main ideas from Chapter 1 and will be on the unit exam on 5/28

  2. Dates colonies were established Virginia 1607 New Hampshire 1623 Massachusetts 1628 Maryland 1634 Connecticut 1635 Rhode Island 1636 Delaware 1638 Carolina* 1653 New York 1664 New Jersey 1664 Pennsylvania 1681 Georgia 1733 * Separated into North Carolina and South Carolina in 1691

  3. The First Inhabitants of North America • Land Bridge • Countless tribes • 2,000 languages • diverse religions, cultures and ways of life.

  4. Early in the Age of Discovery 1000 - 1400 • 1000 C.E. The Norse (Vikings) • First explorers across the Atlantic • Europeans focused on Asia • Crusades 11th to 14th centuries • Military efforts unsuccessful • Crusaders discovered Eastern luxuries. • Overland transport to Asia • Dangerous, slow and expensive • Led to alternative routes by sea

  5. Discovering Alternate Routes to the East: 1492-1609 • Wanted: Get the treasures of the East to markets in the west • Faster, easier, cheaper • First sea route to the Asian trading world 1498-1499 • Portuguese explorer Vasco daGama • Race to the East, by sailing West. • Principal voyages of discovery • Spain, Portugal, France , Netherlands & England. • Each looking for a faster, easier route to Asia.

  6. From Explorers to Colonists • 1585 first English attempt at settlement in North America • Elizabeth I • Roanoke • Life in the early colonies: • Attacks on/by Native Americans • Malaria • disease, malnutrition and starvation • 1590 Roanoke deserted • Became known as “Lost Colony” • 1607 second English attempt at settlement in North America • James I • Jamestown • 1625 of 8,000 colonists, only 1250 survive. • The first years known as the “starving years” • Better organized, discovered tobacco, colony survived

  7. DIRECTIONS: Look at the list. What does it tell you about England at this time? What does it tell you about the colonies at this time? What stands out to you the most?

  8. The English are Coming! Economic Incentives • England is overpopulated • 1600 - 4 million residents • Enclosure movement • Worldwide demand for wool • Farmers enclose their land to raise sheep • Less food is grown • Displaced farm workers move to cities

  9. The English are Coming!Religious Incentives • Henry VIII • 1529 • The English Reformation • Henry VIII split from the Catholic Church • Created Church of England • Puritans • Wanted to “purify” the Church of England • Simplify worship, reduce power within the church hierarchy • Separatists • More radical Puritans • Determined to worship in independent congregations (against the law) • Pilgrims

  10. European Colonization in North America • 1607 - 1610 three European outposts in North America: • Spain: Sante Fe • France: Quebec • England: Jamestown • But colonization efforts were very different…

  11. European Colonization Spain • Economic • Looking for gold and silver • Consistent with theory of mercantilism • Religious • Mission to spread Christianity • Social/cultural • Enslaved native people • Intermarried with indigenous people • Created a racial hierarchy Spanish – Mestizos – Natives that gave way to economic hierarchy • Small ruling class dominated a large existing population France • Economic • Coureurs de bois, fur trappers & traders • Foundation of French colonial economy • Religious • Missionaries made early ties to Native societies • Social/cultural • Among the first to explore deep into the continent • Formed partnerships, lived among, intermarried with Native people • Populated very slowly • Beneficial relationships with Native Americans

  12. European Colonization England • Economic • Source of natural resources • Markets for growing industries • Based on theory of mercantilism • Religious • Religious discontent and instability • People seeking religious refuge • Social/cultural • Plantation model - separated from natives • Populated quickly with families • A place to send surplus population • Enslaved people • Create a new English society in the New World

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