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Dr. Kay Thi Kyaw

ASEAN Regional Conference on Sharing of Good Practices in Social Protection for Women in Enterprise Development Myanmar Country Presentation December 4-5, 2014, Manila, Philippines. Dr. Kay Thi Kyaw

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Dr. Kay Thi Kyaw

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  1. ASEAN Regional Conference onSharing of Good Practices in Social Protection for Women in Enterprise DevelopmentMyanmar Country PresentationDecember 4-5, 2014, Manila, Philippines Dr. Kay ThiKyaw Ms. NandarNwe Han Department of Social Welfare Ministry of Social Welfare,Relief and Resettlement The Republic of the Union of Myanmar Myanmar Group

  2. Country Profile Myanmar Group

  3. Economic Background in Myanmar • Myanmar has a momentous opportunity for advancing its development and raising the standard of living for its population. • Location favors the country with tremendous potential for economic growth and development over the long term. Myanmar Group

  4. Framework for Economic & Social Reforms • greater integration into the international community • Emphasizing Policies Progress of Social & Economic Reform • Historical changes in 2010 • Good governance • Improving socio-economic lives Myanmar Group

  5. SMEs • SMEs dominants • Stakeholders consultations • Prioritizing the SME development in economic agenda • Mandate to establish SMEs with appropriate policies and action plans Myanmar Group

  6. SEEs • Over 300 SEEs supervised by focal Ministries • Having public sectors obligations • Major drags on private sector development in economic growth • Privatizing Myanmar Group

  7. Women and Economic Empowerment in Myanmar • Women participation in private sectors • Women-owned business – become powerful Myanmar Group

  8. Economic Empowerment of Vulnerable Women & Girls • To provide social essences by Department of Social Welfare • Training Schools for Girls • Women Development Centers • Centers for Women Care • Vocational Training Centers for Women • Home Science Schools • To provide social essences by Related NGOs • Voluntary Women Centers Myanmar Group

  9. Employees are working in the following sectors • Agriculture, Livestock & Fishery • Forestry • Industry, Mines & power • Construction • Trade • Transport & communications Myanmar Group

  10. Country Profile – Economic Points of View with Women SituationSource – Statistical Year Book - 2011 Employees Actively Registered with the Social Security Board (2010 - 2011) • Male = 273318 • Female = 242754 Myanmar Group

  11. Distribution of Employed Population by Occupation (1990) - % Myanmar Group

  12. Basic Concepts of Social Protection in Myanmar • Every government system has two essential components: government (governance) and public (its people). The government system needs to be pay particular attention to the poor (people living under a minimum standard), which is a significant percentage of the population. • According to modern political principles, in every country there is an agreed social contract between government and the public. The social contract defines a mutual agreement between government and its people for their duties and responsibilities. A fundamental aspect of the mutual agreement is that the people provide government with legitimacy, and the government in return provides the people with security and protection. • There are a variety of ways that government protects its people including protection in terms of security, protection in terms of economic growth, and protection in terms of social issues. All of these aspects of protection are guided by policy and strategy. For example, legal instruments represent the strategy and principles needed to protect people’s lives and security; economic policy supports economic development, social policies and strategies aim to secure the social development and safety of the people. Thus, the social contract represents a mutual responsibility and affiliation between government and the public. Social protection, through this social contract, will bring about greater social cohesion and equity. As highlighted in the Framework for Economic and Social Reforms (FESR), social protection functions as a “circuit breaker” for inter-generational cycles of poverty and hunger. Myanmar Group

  13. Myanmar’s Aspects of Social Protection • The Myanmar Social Protection Strategy and policy will be based on the following aspects of social protection: • Protective Social Protection – programs that offer vulnerable groups relief from economic and social deprivation, and that reduce poverty and vulnerabilities. These programmes include access to basic social services and provision of social assistance. • Preventive Social Protection – programs that prevent risks and shocks as well as well as measures to mitigate the loss of income following a shock. In addition to ensuring access to basic social services, preventive social protection addresses income security, employment opportunity and health security. • Promotive Social Protection – promotes human capital development programs in addition to the above mentioned 2 features of social protection. It includes the programs assisting households to invest more in human capital development and productivity. • Transformative social protection – programs that focus on equity and social cohesion along with socio-economic development. Myanmar Group

  14. The country’s definition of social protection and the relevant legal mandates on social protection Definition of Social Protection • Social protection for the purposes of the Myanmar Strategy is defined as policies, legal instruments, programmes, benefits and services for individuals and households that prevent and alleviate economic and social vulnerabilities, promote access to essential services and infrastructure and economic opportunity, and facilitate the ability to better manage and cope with shocks that arise from humanitarian emergencies and/or sudden loss of income. • In order to implement the social protection strategy and to develop a social protection system, the government has defined its objectives, strategy, master plan and detailed activity plan. • Where necessary, for example with the establishment of new programmes, the Government will develop a policy for the development of the social protection strategy Myanmar Group

  15. Current policy and legislation in force Rights and responsibilities for social protection are established in: • The Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar • The Social Security Act (1954) • Rights and Duties of Workers Law (1964) • The Child Law (1993) • The Maternal and Child Welfare Association Law (1990) • The Anti-trafficking in Persons Law (2005) • The Basic Education Law (1973) • The Public Health Law (1972) • The Vocational Education Law (1974) • The Citizenship Law (1982) • The Workers’ Compensation Act Myanmar Group

  16. Objective and vision-Social Protection • The objective of the Strategy is to support poor and marginalized people who are facing social and economic hardships and to assist them to recover and to reintegrate in social and economic life.   • The vision for social protection is an inclusive, equitable and sustainable system that:  • Contributes to human capital by facilitating access to essential social services, such as education, health, housing and water;  • Protects people from risks and shocks; Addresses economic and social vulnerabilities and food insecurity over the life cycle and promotes economic opportunities; and  • Addresses social exclusion.  Myanmar Group

  17. Those who are in need of protection are: • Those who are facing social and economic hardships; • Those who are marginalized; and • Those who are at risk of and/or subject to natural disaster Myanmar Group

  18. Social Risks & Social Protection in Life Cycle Approach in Myanmar Myanmar Group

  19. Salient Features of the Social Security Schemes in Myanmar • Based upon the following Salient features • Coverage • Finances • Benefits • Establishment by selected economic activities • Textile • Food & Beverage • Tobacco • Footwear & Garment • Wholesale & Retail Trade • Printing & Publishing • Personal Service • Recreation Services Myanmar Group

  20. OVERVIEW OF MYANMAR SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY Myanmar Group

  21. OVERVIEW OF MYANMAR SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY Myanmar Group

  22. OVERVIEW OF MYANMAR SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY Myanmar Group

  23. OVERVIEW OF MYANMAR SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY Myanmar Group

  24. OVERVIEW OF MYANMAR SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY Myanmar Group

  25. Milestones - Development of Myanmar’s Social Protection Strategy Myanmar Group

  26. Social Protection Programme to be Implemented • Early childhood/maternity • School age • Working age • Old age • Disaster risk management (Integrated social protection services) Myanmar Group

  27. SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY: MASTER PLAN STATUS Myanmar Group

  28. SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY: MASTER PLAN STATUS Myanmar Group

  29. Gaps and challenges in implementing social protection programs for women in MSMEs • Lack of awareness on gender issues and lack of knowledge in related laws & practices • Men domination in business sectors • Need strong harmonization among public & private sectors to empower women economically • Limited role model of women entrepreneur Myanmar Group

  30. Thank you! Myanmar Group

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