Exam #3 Voting. Wednesday, November 28 Friday, November 30. In the Beginning…. Today’s Talk. Talky stuff: In the beginning, science says… and God said … (by the numbers…) Do they say the same thing? Picture stuff:
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Exam #3 Voting • Wednesday, November 28 • Friday, November 30
Today’s Talk Talky stuff: • In the beginning, science says… • and God said…(by the numbers…) • Do they say the same thing? Picture stuff: • In the beginning, the next 13.7 billion years(mostly just really cool pictures)
Detailed Overviewfor Today’s Talk • In the beginning, science says… • and God said…(by the numbers…) • Do they say the same thing? • In the beginning, the next 13.7 billion years(with really cool pictures)
Ptolemy (83-168AD): Greek philosopher, earth centered universe Planets are confusing “wondering stars” “Misfit” data is so IMPORTANT to engineers and scientists!
1910’s • The Milky Way was the Universe • The universe was “static” – not changing • Universe was eternal! • Modified relativity to match a static, eternal universe.
1920’sEdwin Hubble He was able to demonstrate that galaxies are “red shifted” RED SHIFT: Galaxies are receding from us, further away=receding faster (raisin bread)
Red Shift • Light emitted from stars has specific spectra • Doppler effect: • Object moving away are “red shifted” (longer wave length) • Objects moving towards are “blue shifted”
Hubble’s discoveries changed the universe! (there exists moving extragalactic nebula… The Universe is VERY BIG and Dynamic)
Fr. Georges Lemaitre 1927 paper: A homogeneous universe of constant mass and growing radius accounting for the radial velocity of extragalactic nebulae AND THE UNIVERSE WENT…
Ralph Alpher, Robert Herman, et al. (and others) • Run the “expanding universe” clock backwards • The universe compresses and gets very very very hot! • These conditions are replicated in particle accelerators.
The Clock Ticks… 0.01 seconds after “The Bang” the universe was about 1010K (a.k.a. hot). • fermions formed, • the universe expanded and cooled, • quarks started to combine forming neutrons and protons
The Race Against Time… • By 1 second after “The Bang,” formation of protons and neutrons was completed. The era of “free particles begins” and lasts for ~200 seconds. • At this point, for every neutron, there are 6 protons. • The universe is too hot for neutrons and protons to form atomic nuclei. • WARNING: • Free neutrons (neutrons not in a nuclei) decay fast (10 minute half life).
…3 minutes to 20 minutes… • A critical event occurs, without it occurring soon, the universe would contain 100% hydrogen for ever! • During this time period, temperature became “just right” to allow protons and neutrons to combine as atomic nuclei (previously, too hot; then too cold) • The universe transformed from the era of free particles to the era of atomic nuclei – preserving neutrons! (otherwise, we would never exist)
…3 minutes to 20 minutes… • Also, while nuclei were forming, free neutrons were decaying into protons. • During these critical minutes, the proton to neutron ratio went from 6 to 1 and became 7 to 1. • This ratio is preserved to the present day. 7:1 Pro:Neu 75%H & 25%He (by mass) 1 He 12 H
25% He and 75% H!!!! • Knowledge gained in particle accelerators and theoretical physics predicts the universe would produce 25% helium and 75% hydrogen in the first few minutes of creation. Virtually, nothing else. • Looking “back in time” reveals these proportions existed in the early universe! • This was the 2nd critical piece of “big bang” data
The Big Bang Three key data: • Red Shift (Hubble, 1920’s) • 75% H, 25% He – Developed and confirmed in the 1940’s and 1950’s • Remaining: cosmic background radiation
Cosmic Background Radiation • The universe was very very very hot • It has been expanding ever since….and getting colder. • We should be able to measure the temperature of the universe…
Persistence Pays Off… • 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson • Microwave work with Bell Labs • Observed “hiss” in their detector that they could not explain • Since it was isotropic – it seemed to be noise. • They persisted…
High resolution cosmic background radiation image from WMAP (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropic Probe) Just the right amount of “inhomogeneity” Temperature variations (DTemp ~ 0.005°C) indicates “clumping” of matter which resulted in galaxy formation
Detailed Overviewfor Today’s Talk • In the beginning, science says… • and God said…(by the numbers…) • Do they say the same thing? • In the beginning, the next 13.7 billion years(with really cool pictures)
Some Important Biblical “Numbers” • One (1) – God is One, there is only One God • Three (3) – Holy, Trinity • Four (3 and 1, 4) - creation • Seven (6 and 1, 3 and 4) – holy creation, complete, covenant • Seven and one more (7 and 1) – new creation • Twelve (12) and one more (God) – new nation
“3” = Holy • There were 3 divisions of the Temple in Jerusalem: the Outer Court, the Holy Place, and the Holy of Holies • Jesus rose from the dead on the 3rd day. • There are three theological virtues: faith, hope, and charity • Et cetera…
“3 and 1” or “4” = creation • Lazarus spent 4 days in the tomb. Jesus, being divine, rose on the third day. • 4 rivers flowed from the garden of Eden
“3 and 1” or “4” = creation • 4 women gave birth to the fathers of the 12 sons (tribes) of Israel • The 12 tribes of Israel camp divided into 4 parts when camping around the Tabernacle. These examples tie “4” and “12” together
“6 and 1” or “3 and 4” or “7”= holy/complete/covenant • {6+1} God created the world in 6 days and ceased work on the 7th. • {6+1} The Tabernacle was built in 6 days and dedicated on the 7th
“7 and 1 more” = new creation • The temple was first dedicated on the 7th day, it was rededicated on the 8th day • {7+1} Tabernacle: 7 sacred items. Later… Temple of Solomon: same 7, plus 1 more (8) • Jewish male infants: circumcised on the 8th day; entering into a “new covenant life” • Jesus rose from the dead on the 8th day of the week (Sunday) ushering in the New Creation.
“12 and 1” = new nation • The 12 tribes of Israel camped around God (in the tabernacle). • The 12 apostles gathered around Christ.
Past “3” = Holy Present Future • There are 3 Monotheistic religions that are descendents of Abraham: Judaism, Christianity, Islam. • Most holy places: “3-dimensional” architecture • Judaism: the holy of holies (1 Kgs 6:20) • Islam: the Kaaba in Mecca • Christianity: • New Jerusalem (Rev 21:16)
In the Beginning… Genesis provides a multitude of examples for holy and creation: 3, 4, 6+1=7
