1. Mosquito control and west nile virus surveillance in michigan Bill Stanuszek Mary McCarry MMCA

2. Types of Mosquito control in Michigan

3. History of mosquito control and Threats to Public health

4. West nile virus transmission Amplification Cycle Dead End Hosts Bridge Vector

5. Life cycle

6. Culex habitats

7. Which mosquitoes to target

8. When to control mosquitoes

9. Types of WNV surveillance

10. Mosquito and Bird surveillance

11. Human surveillance • Epidemiologists at CDC, state health agencies, and local health agencies work cooperatively to monitor mosquito-borne illnesses • Receiving and recording reports of illness • Confirming diagnoses • Interviewing doctors and patients to determine the timing, geographic location and conditions of infection • Analyzing data • If human cases are reported, it is TOO LATE for mosquito surveillance and the response becomes reactionary versus precautionary

12. Aspects of wnv surveillance in mosquito control district

13. Public education

14. traps

15. testing

16. Response to wnv activity

17. Cost

18. Michigan community mosquito surveillance project 2014 A summary of MDCH and local health department efforts

19. Background

20. Kent county story - 2013 • MDCH hopes to bring back WNV surveillance • Reach beyond what mosquito districts are doing • In 2013, KCHD discovers traps and gets calls about floodwater mosquitoes • Mosquito surveillance back on their radar • With KC’s history of WNV and 45 human cases in 2012, surveillance reinstituted • 9 test sites – 4 employees and 5 residents • Mosquito ID course • WNV + mosquito pool • Press release with city of Grand Rapids • Treat all catch basins – 1 mile radius of + sample

21. West Nile virus incidence in Michigan • Responsible for 1,133 reported human illnesses and 92 deaths in Michigan since 2002 • Majority of WNV cases are associated with urban areas in the Detroit Metro and Grand Rapids Metro areas • Mosquito surveillance for arboviruses in these regions is historically limited or not present • Most surveillance occurs in Saginaw Valley where millage-based mosquito control districts are located • More widespread surveillance would be beneficial

22. WNV Cases in Michigan 63% of Michigan Population 92% of reported WNV 45% of Michigan Population 86% of reported WNV

23. West Nile Virus Incidence in Michigan’s 10 Largest Counties: 2002-2013

24. WNV Geography in MI: 2002-2012

25. Project Goal: Increase Mosquito Surveillance for WNV in Michigan’s High-Risk Communities • Provide for timely, low-cost, non-labor intensive surveillance program to detect WNV activity at the community level • Program to provide “actionable” information • Community outreach • Increased surveillance • Mosquito treatment • May provide training, expertise, and experience for future surveillance needs (emerging vector-borne diseases) CDC Light Trap

26. MDCH-Specific Goals

27. Mosquito Surveillance Objectives Mosquito surveillance has the potential to provide early detection of arbovirus activity, and can be used to guide intervention strategies that ultimately reduce human risk for infection • To define the demographic, temporal, and geographic distribution of WNV • To detect outbreaks or new arboviruses • To guide or evaluate disease control strategies • Infection rates in mosquito pools have predictive value for human outbreaks • To facilitate planning New Jersey Light Trap

28. MDCH Supplied to LHD’s • VectorTestkits • 100 tests/county to start, additional if funds available • Mosquito traps if not already available at LHD • Training session for staff • Mosquito sorting and ID • Use of VectorTest kits • Trap operation and placement • Electronic file for collection/transmission of mosquito testing data to MDCH • GIS mapping support to counties CDC Trap Gravid Trap

29. Facts

30. Early Results • Good community relations and outreach • Positive mosquito pools were identified in Kent(2/69), Wayne (1/125), and Macomb counties (1/61) • Resulted in multiple press releases educating the public regarding West Nile virus prevention • Kent Co. instituted larval mosquito control in areas with positive mosquitoes identified • To date, only two WNV human cases has been reported in Michigan (Kent Co. and Cass Co.) • Funding likely available to continue and expand the project in 2015

31. acknowledgements • Erik Foster, Epidemiologist, Division of Communicable Disease, Michigan Department of Community Health