Deeper Exploration of Building Postsecondary Pathways for All

1. Deeper Exploration of Building Postsecondary Pathways for All Robert Balfanz Everyone Graduates Center Johns Hopkins University April 2019 New Mexico High School Redesign Collaborative

2. Six Challenges • More Students Achieve Solid Grades in Challenging Course • Equitable Access/Universal Participation in Key Postsecondary Prep Activities • How Provide Postsecondary Navigation Guidance and Support to All • How Create Postsecondary Pathways that provide choice and are responsive to local conditions • How use Postsecondary Pathways to support economic development and social integration in the community • How Progress Monitor and improve above continually?

3. Which of these are the most challenging for your school?

4. Recent Research Findings on Postsecondary Pathways • Three Educational Pathways to Good Jobs • High School Indicators of Postsecondary Success • A Small Town Dreams Big: Developing Youth Together

5. Three Educational Pathways to Good Jobs • Good Job defined as one paying a minimum of $35,000 for workers between 25 and 44. • A your table, each person will read one of four sections from this report, and then share one to two key points with the rest of the table • Table group will then work together to summarize how they would explain the educational pathways to good jobs to students and parents

6. Recent study conducted in Boston follow High School Graduates Class of 2010 seven years forward A your table, each person will read one of four sections from this report, and then share one to two key points with the rest of the table Table will then discuss ramifications of the reports findings for how your school supports students postsecondary success High School Indicators of Postsecondary Outcomes

7. Postsecondary Outcomes - Enrollment • 2,691 of the 4,587 students (58%) who began with the cohort as 8th graders received a diploma from BPS • Of the 2,691 who graduated from HS, 77% had enrolled in a post-secondary institution by 2017 • 57% of the HS graduates had enrolled in a four-year institution, and 40% had enrolled in a two-year institution (some enrolled in both over the seven year period)

8. Postsecondary Outcomes - Attainment • 39% of the HS graduates in the sample from the class of 2010 earned a postsecondary degree by 2017 • 35% of the HS graduates earned a degree from a four-year institution • Only 6% earned a degree from a two-year institution • Similar to national outcomes for class of 2010 – 41% of HS grads earned a degree • (33% four-year and 8% two-year)

9. What Predicts Postsecondary Outcomes of BPS Graduates? • For Four Year Institution – the Boston Opportunity Indicators worked very well • Attendance of 94% or more • GPA of 2.7 or greater • Taking the MassCore and Enrolling in at least one AP course • All are strongly predictive of post-secondary enrollment and success in four-year institutions

10. Four-Year Degree Outcomes by Indicator Combination

11. What is the Story with Two-Year Institutions • Boston Opportunity Indicators are not good predictors of enrollment and attainment in two-year institutions • 40% of BPS HS grads from class of 2010 enrolled in two-year institution, but only 6% earned a degree • Only 16% of the BPS HS grads who enrolled in two-year institutions earned a two-year degree within 7 years of graduation

12. Two-Year Enrollment and Completion Rates by Early Warning Indicator

13. Anytime, Anywhere Learning Indicators • BPS seniors with higher self-reported rates of volunteering and internships obtained post-secondary degrees at high levels • BPS seniors with higher rates of job shadowing did not • Impacts are modest • Cannot be sure of causality • Do these high school experiences better prepare them to succeed in post-secondary, or are students highly motivated to succeed in post-secondary and enroll in more competitive colleges, seeking out more volunteering and internship experiences to enhance admission prospects?

14. Findings from BPS 2012 Senior Exit Survey • Eventual postsecondary outcomes of graduating seniors not correlated with senior exit survey responses • Seniors who ultimately did not enroll in post-secondary, and those who enrolled in four- and two-year institutions, expressed very similar views on school climate, school impacts, and school learning opportunities • There were no differences in their view on how well high school prepared them for post-secondary success or the extent to which they had positive views about their schooling experience

15. Findings from Senior Exit Survey • Only difference was in extra-curricular participation – with students who enrolled in college participating more than those who did not • Suggests that senior exit surveys may not be good source material for post-secondary success indicators, though further exploration is required to confirm

16. Two-Year Institutions • Boston success rate in two-year institutions similar to national outcomes for class of 2010-so challenge not unique to Boston • Low student success rates in two-year institutions make it hard to predict success with high school indicators • Huge equity implications as in Boston and the nation-students enrolling in two year institutions more likely to be minority and low income than those enrolling in four year institutions

17. Beating the Odds We looked at two groups of students who beat the odds • Students who earned post-secondary degrees without having any of the Boston Opportunity Indicators • Students who enrolled in post-secondary after being out of school for one or more years after high school graduation

18. Beating the Odds • In both cases, these students were more female than male (60% female) and more likely to be minority students • On average, they were C students and attended close to 90% of the time • More often than not, while showing signs of some struggle in high school, they also had some indicator of academic achievement along the way, even if for just a short period of time i.e. proficient on MCAS, higher GPA, or took an AP class

19. A Small Town Dreams Big: Developing Youth and Community Together • Everyone take a few minutes to read the article • Then discuss as a table, “What does this article make us think about in terms of providing post-secondary pathways for all our students.”

20. Let’s Return to the Six Challenges and Work Together to Solve Some of Them

21. How to Enable More/Most Students to Get Solid Grades in Challenging Courses?

22. How to Engineer Equitable Access/Universal Participation to/in Key Postsecondary Prep Experiences and Activities?

23. How Provide Postsecondary Navigation Guidance and Support to All?

24. How Create Postsecondary Pathways Which Provide Choice for All and are Aligned with Local Conditions?

25. How Use Postsecondary Pathways to Support Economic Development and Social Integration in the Community?

26. How to Progress Monitor and Continually Improve this Work?

27. Tools You Can Use • Remember to visit the Post-Secondary-What Evidence Say and How and Why to Use It on the High School Redesign Website at www.hsredesign.org • Also to be able to find out your students post-secondary pathways consider using the Student Tracker for High Schools of the National Student Clearinghouse https://studentclearinghouse.org/high-schools/studenttracker/