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Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications

Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications. Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia. Overview. What is Wiki? Wikipedia example Aspects of Wiki Features Wikis and Social tagging Applications References Questions.

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Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications

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  1. Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

  2. Overview What is Wiki? Wikipedia example Aspects of Wiki Features Wikis and Social tagging Applications References Questions M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  3. Where the Wiki name comes from? • Wiki Wiki Shuttle From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia • The Wiki Wiki Shuttle is a shuttle bus system at the Honolulu International Airport. • In the Hawaiian language "wiki" means quick, and "wiki wiki" implies very quick. • The shuttle's name inspired Ward Cunningham to call his new website technology "WikiWikiWeb", from which the concept of wiki software derives. M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  4. What is a Wiki? • Wiki: Software, knowledge, community • A wiki Web site is a set of Web resources that can be easily and quickly created and/or edited via a Web-based interface by anyone who is allowed access. • One or more people are collaborating on building up a corpus of shared knowledge in a collection of interlinked Web pages. • A wiki Web site is accompanied with a social protocol supporting the community of users Bowen, J., Wiki Software and Facilities for Museums, in J. Trant and D. Bearman (eds.). Museums and the Web 2008: Proceedings, Toronto: Archives & Museum Informatics. Published March 31, 2008. Consulted June 14, 2008. http://www.archimuse.com/mw2008/papers/bowen/bowen.html M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  5. Wiki paradigm shift: • Work in the presence of uncertainty: • Produce results that will be valuable in the future! • In the presence of the constant change globally, we are not able to predict future! • Reflective Practice: • “The thing that make us smart” (what people and computers can do together?) [Fisher, 2001] M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  6. What is Wiki: Wikipedia example • The number of articles on the English Wikipedia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  7. What is Wiki: Wikipedia example • Percentage of all Wikipedia Articles in English and in the Ten Largest Wikipedias From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  8. What is Wiki: Wikipedia example • Percentage of all Wikipedia Articles in English and in the Ten Largest Wikipedias From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Power of the Long Tail? M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  9. What is Wiki: Wikipedia example Edit history of a controversial entry in Wikipedia http://www.research.ibm.com/visual/images/discover_mag.jpg M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  10. What is Wiki: Wikipedia example Wikipedia’s remarkable growth is sustainable. Spinellis, D. and Louridas, P. 2008. The collaborative organization of knowledge. Commun. ACM 51, 8 (Aug. 2008), 68-73. http://www.research.ibm.com/visual/images/discover_mag.jpg M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  11. What is Wiki: Wikipedia example • Percentage of all Wikipedia Articles in English and in the Ten Largest Wikipedias From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia NOT All Wikis are like Wikipedia!!! M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  12. What is Wiki: Individual vs. Collective Intelligence • Wiki is a new social interaction medium for publishing new form of intellectual artifacts: so called Live Documents. • Wikipedia isn’t great because it’s like the Britanica. The Britanica is great at being authoritative, edited, expensive, and monolithic. Wikipedia is great at being free, universal, and instantaneous.- Cory Doctorow M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  13. Aspects • Technology • Social and Community • Semantics and Knowledge • Emergence and Networks • End-User Programming M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  14. Aspects: Wiki as a network • Wikipedia is a small-world network • Small-World Network is a type of graph in which most nodes are not neighbors of one another, but most nodes can be reached from every other by a small number of hops or steps. Sander Spek, Wikipedia: organisation from a bottom-up approach. 2006. WikiSym 2006. • Wikipedia is a scale-free network • A scale-free network is a network whose degree distribution follows a power law, at least asymptotically. That is, the fraction P(k) of nodes in the network having k connections to other nodes goes for large values of k as P(k) ~ k−γ where γ is a constant whose value is typically in the range 2<γ<3, although occasionally it may lie outside these bounds. Diomidis Spinellis and Panagiotis Louridas. The collaborative organization of knowledge. Communications of the ACM, August 2008. M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  15. Features: The Technology Aspect • Storage • User interface • Design templates • Content creation • System management • Access Control Lists (ACL) • User groups M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  16. Features: Storage • OS file system • Relational database • RDF triplestore • P2P Wikis M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  17. Features: User interface • Content generation • Text editors • Plain-Text editors (Wiki markup) • Reach-Text editors (WYSIWYG – “vizivig”) • Attachments • Documents, Images, Multimedia • Action-Specific forms M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  18. Features: User registration • Content generation: Action-Specific forms • User management M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  19. Features: User registration • “Source code” of the registration form M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  20. Features: Access control and working groups Not in Work Group? You don’t have privileges to VIEW and EDIT this page content • Permissions for users and working groups: • VIEW page content • EDIT page content • PRINT page content • CREATE new page • ATTACHMENTS per page M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  21. Menu creating and editing Page attachments as documents and pictures Page and content creating and editing Different ways of the content printing M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  22. Features: Plain-text editor M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  23. Features: Reach-Text editor (WYSIWYG – “vizivig”) The WYSIWYG editor provides familiar tools for adding formatting, images, links, and multimedia elements to a Wiki page. http://www.unf.edu/dept/cirt/bb/teamslx.html http://developer.yahoo.com/yui/editor/ M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  24. Features: Presenting content - Printing • Pretty printing • Pure text printing • PDF printing • MS Word printing M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  25. Features: Charts and Graphs M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  26. Problem: Semantics • Meaning, context and social value M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  27. Social tagging: • What do we do when we tag? • Assign one or more words, called tags, to some Web resource, usually Web page, or picture, or … • We are doing some mental work, work on semantics • Tagging vs. Classification? • Complementary • Mental cost of tagging is LOW: Large end-user community • Mental cost of classification is HIGH: Small teams of experts M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  28. Social tagging: Wiki based approach M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  29. Social tagging: Wiki based approach M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  30. Social tagging: Personal Wiki profile page M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  31. Social tagging: Concept M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  32. Social tagging: Communication Personal tags of a single user Tag cloud of communication between two users Shared tag cloud M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  33. Social tagging & wiki: “File” Concept Tagging: Semantic links between concepts Visual representation of the concept End-user’s comments M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  34. Applications: Wiki Tagging M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  35. Applications: Wiki Tagging Mashups M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  36. Applications: Wiki JavaScript Programming M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  37. Applications: Wiki Mashups • The Bioinformatics demo M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  38. Applications: Community The Complex Systems Community: Home http://csregistry.org M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  39. Applications: Community The Complex Systems Community: Individual project’s Wikis M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  40. References: Milorad Tosic, Olivera Tosic, "Collaborative Wiki Tagging Platform for Multilingual Glossaries", Babel Wiki Workshop '08: Cross-Language Collaboration, Colocated with Wikisym 2008 Symposium Porto, Portugal, in Sept 8-10th, 2008. Valentina Milicevic, Milorad Tosic, "Collaborative Wiki Tagging", T. Pellegrini, S. Schaffert (Eds.): Proceedings of I-MEDIA'07 and I-SEMANTICS'07, International Conferences on New Media Technology and Semantic Systems, as part of TRIPLE-I 2007, Graz, Austria, September 5-7, 2007. Milorad Tosic, Valentina Milicevic, "Semantics of The Collaborative Tagging Systems", ''3th European Semantic Web Conference'', ''2nd Workshop on Scripting for the Semantic Web'', June 11-14, 2006, Budva, Serbia & Montenegro. Milorad Tosic, “Meta-Architecture for Intelligent Information Systems”, Workshop on Designing for Reflective Practitioners: Sharing and Assessing Progress by Diverse Communities, CHI2004. Milorad Tosic, Ladders of Reflection in the Community Infrastructure, http://infosys1.elfak.ni.ac.yu/InfosysWiki/Wiki.jsp?page=ReflectiveCommunity M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  41. Faculty of Electronic Engineering Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Department of Computer Science Intelligent Information Systems Lab Thank you! Questions? mbtosic@yahoo.comhttp://infosys1.elfak.ni.ac.yu M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

  42. Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia Abstract:Wiki is one of the concepts jointly known as Social Software and Web 2.0 that characterize a mass of (simple) services on the Web facilitating social interactions and emerging intelligence. This talk gives an introduction into multi-faceted nature of Wiki including technology, community, knowledge, and application aspects. Illustrative practical examples will be used to demonstrate Wiki experience. Collaborative Wiki Tagging is presented as one of the powerful tools for social interaction, collaboration, and knowledge accumulation. First, basic concepts are described. Then, we discuss semantics of the approach. Finally, we give practical examples of social tagging and domain-specific glossary applications. Special attention is given to two application domains: scientific community building and university teaching.  

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