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Overview

Primitive Data Types Expressions Literals Arithmetic Operators Precedence Mixing Types & Casting. Overview. Introduction. Programs are built to manipulate information Java is strongly typed language – it requires you to be explicit about what kind of information you intend to manipulate

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Overview

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Primitive Data Types Expressions Literals Arithmetic Operators Precedence Mixing Types & Casting Overview

  2. Introduction • Programs are built to manipulate information • Java is strongly typed language – it requires you to be explicit about what kind of information you intend to manipulate • e.g. James vs. Jomes, web vs. Web, Pat vs. pat • Java supports 2 different kinds of data • Primitive data • Objects

  3. Primitive Types • 8 primitive data types – 4 of which are fundamental (other 4 are variations) • Yes integers are a subset of real numbers – but they are fundamentally different types of numbers, e.g. depending on the type of number we expect we ask: • “how many siblings?” or “how much siblings?” • “how many does it weigh” or “how much does it weigh?” • In programming the distinction is more important because integers and real numbers are represented in a different way in the computer’s memory

  4. Expressions • Expressions: value or set of operations that produce a value e.g. • (2 * 8) + (5 +6) -1 • Operators and operands • Many things to do with expressions • One of the simplest: System.out.println(42); 42 System.out.println(2+8); 10

  5. Literals • Literals: the simplest form of expression: • 0, -2349, +567, 4, 93 • A floating-point literals is a type double: • -2349.0 -.82 0.982 64.2 23. • Literals of type double can also be expressed in scientific notation: • 2.3e6 1e-5 4.523e34 • Character literals (of type char) are enclosed in single quotation marks and can include just one character: • ‘f’ ‘C’ ‘!’ ‘3’ ‘\\’ ‘\’’ • Primitive type boolean sores logical information – • the 2 Java keywords that are literal values of type boolean are: true false

  6. Arithmetic Operators • Why do we care for mod values • Testing to see if a number is odd or even (number % 2 = ____ will give us even and = ____ will give us odd • Finding individual digits of a long number (e.g. number % 10 is always the _____ digit) • Finding the last 4 digits of a social security number (number % 10000) – try it!

  7. Precedence

  8. Mixing Types & Casting • Suppose you have some books that are 0.15 ft wide and you want to know how many will fit in a shelf that is 2.5 ft wide – what you want is the ______

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