Todd MacMillan* NASA LERCIP Intern Systems Networking and Architecture Project

1. NASA LUNAR IN-SITU RESOURCE UTILIZATION: SENSOR SYSTEM DESIGN Todd MacMillan* NASA LERCIP Intern Systems Networking and Architecture Project Mentor: Joseph Warner July 2, 2009 Ohio Aerospace Institute Boardroom *Second Year Chemical Engineer, Purdue University SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

2. Outline • Why is In-Situ Resource Utilization needed for future lunar missions? • How will oxygen be extracted from lunar regolith? • How I designed a sensor system for remote operation of the ISRU unit. • Please hold all questions until the end. SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

3. Why is In-Situ Resource Utilization needed for future lunar missions? SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

4. NASA’s Exploration Plans SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

5. How will oxygen be extracted from lunar regolith? SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

6. Piccolo, 2007

7. Robotic Requirements • Deliver regolith • Sort particles • Navigate accurately • Haul slag SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

8. Hydrogen Reduction of Regolith For Lunar Oxygen Production SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center Grasso et al, 2007

9. Clark et al, 2005

10. Clark et al, 2005

11. Clark et al, 2005

12. How I designed a sensor system for remote operation of the ISRU unit SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

13. Sensors • 1. Thermocouple • 2. Humidity – Chilled Mirror Hygrometer SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

14. Sensors • 3. Valve Position Sensor • 4. Solar Pyranometer SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

15. Sensors • 5. Oxygen Composition Sensor • 6. Vibration Sensor SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

16. Sensors • 7. Ultrasonic Flow Sensor • 8. Pressure Sensor SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

17. Sensors • 9. Mass Sensor • 10. Video Sensor SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

18. Sensor System Diagram Valve Sensor and Control Electrical Sensors Check Valve Mass Sensor Flow Sensor and Control Pressure Temperature Motor Control and Vibration Sensor Composition Sensor Video Sensor SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center Clark et al, 2005

19. Integrated Sensor System Data Bus Design • Level 4 • Level 3 • Level 2 • Level 1 • Level 0 Lunar Surface Mobile Units Lunar Communications Terminal S Band Transceiver Direct-To Earth Data Storage Avionics Processor RS 422 Temperature Sensor Control Pressure Sensor Control Valve Control Mass Sensor Control Vibration Sensor Control Flow Sensor Control Composition Sensor Control Motor Control Electrical Sensor Control Radiation Sensor Control H2O Sensor Control Temperature Sensors Pressure Sensors Valves Mass Sensors Vibration Sensors Flow Sensors Composition Sensors Motors Electrical Sensors Radiation Sensor Video Sensors H2O Sensors

20. What’s Left to Do? • Items left open for determination: • Sampling rates • Improved definition of controls and communication concepts of operation • Risk assessment for Lunar Surface Systems SCaN Systems Networking and Architecture Project Glenn Research Center

21. 0. NASA (SNAP) Lunar Sortie Mission Scenario “Lunar” Earth Ground Stations MOC Lunar Science Spacecraft Orion In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Altair Small Pressurized Rover Long Haul/Backbone Links Access Links Surface Wireless Links Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA)

22. Mentor: Joe Warner, Alternate: Steve Oleson • Sponsor of SNAP Project: Kul Bhasin • Code DP • Kurt Sacksteder (GRC ISRU Lead) • Tony Collozza (Hydrolysis Systems Expert)