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KOS The microwave multifunctional tissue processor

KOS The microwave multifunctional tissue processor. 林臻鞠 友聯光學有限公司 unionopt@ms11.hinet.net 02-26980508 2013.10.31. Microwave heating A bit of theory. Theory of microwave heating. Wavelengths range from 1mm to 1m Frequency allowed for commercial, medical and scientific applications:

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KOS The microwave multifunctional tissue processor

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  1. KOS The microwave multifunctional tissue processor 林臻鞠 友聯光學有限公司 unionopt@ms11.hinet.net 02-26980508 2013.10.31

  2. Microwave heatingA bit of theory

  3. Theory of microwave heating Wavelengths range from 1mm to 1m Frequency allowed for commercial, medical and scientific applications: 2,450 MHz (12.2 cm wavelength) Heating is caused by • Dipole rotation - Ionic migration

  4. Energy Microwaves radiation (2.450 MHz) quantum energy (eV) 0,0016 Chemical bond energy (eV) H-OH 5,2 CH3-CH3 3,8 Hydrogen bond (water) 0,21 Theory of microwave heating Microwaves are not ionising radiation Microwaves energy is largely below the energy necessary to break the bonds of common organic molecules

  5. METALS WATER PTFE, PP, TPX Interaction of materialswith microwaves • Reflective • Absorptive • Transparentto Microwaves

  6. Interaction of materialswith microwaves • Reflective Metals • Absorptive Water, alcohols • Transparentto Microwaves PTFE, PP, Cassette, WAX, Glass

  7. CONVECTIVE CURRENTS SOLUTION CONDUCTIVE HEATING Conventional Heating The temperature of the outside surface of the vessel is in excess of the boiling point of the solution Container is heated first then the solution. 傳導性的

  8. SOLUTION MICROWAVE HEATING Solution is heated first Microwave heating Shorter Reaction Times

  9. Reality Perception • Microwaves cook my samples • Rapid processing = poor morphology • Antigens will be lost forever • Molecular studies are not possible • Day processing is useless Microwaves create physical heat like conventionals do but internally the tissues. Better homogenity & efficiency. Today’s technology makes 12-14hours a useless waste of time. Quality is guaranteed priority. Diagnostic equivalence is validated by studies showing optimal antigen reactivity. Microwave do not affect DNA, RNA and proteins’ quality at all. Day processing = same day diagnosis = patient centric care

  10. KOS The microwave multifunctional tissue processor

  11. State of the Art • Microwave is switched OFF if: • Cavity ventilation is compromised • Solvent in cavity is above Threshold • Humidity in cavity exceeds set value • Microwave leak is detected

  12. KOS • Tissue processing • Decalcification • Special stains • Gross hardening • Fixation • Antigen retrieval (93°C to 120°C) In a fraction of the time

  13. KOS: Smart and Fast The first Icon driven HistoStation

  14. KOS* • Multifunctional: 1unit 6applications • Fast: Just plug-in and process • Reliable: Sensors controlled • Flexible: User programs / Favorites • Safe: Sensors monitored • Smart: Icons driven

  15. Multifunctional: ONE unit SIX major applications • Fulfilling all requirements set by CAP/C.L.S.I. • Fulfilling all requirements set by CAP/C.L.S.I. • Ideal substitute for “kitchen type” • microwave oven • Ideal substitute for “kitchen type” • microwave oven

  16. Rapid Tissue processing Same day results for all tissue types. • From 1 to 45 cassettes • Ideal for transplant center • Urgent biopsies • Up to 3 mm thickness • Safe. No xylene • Ethanol – isopropanol only

  17. Fast, unmatched tissue processing time . • 75 minutes • For 2 mm biopsies • Add 18 min fixation • 35 minutes • For transplant biopsies including fixation • 140 minutes • For 3 mm biopsies • Add 28 min fixation

  18. High Quality Slides Excellent H&E, IHC and FISH In a fraction of the time Colonic Biopsy H&E, x400 AdenocarcinomaCytokaratin CAM 5.2, x400 Breast Red-Labeled HER2-FISH, x800 Breast, HER2 IHC, x400

  19. SMART . ICONS DRIVEN MENU 1) Select thickness . 2) Select number of cassettes .

  20. 3) Select reagents 4) Press GO

  21. 5) Press START. That’s all Time left will be shown on the terminal

  22. Any protocol as Favorite

  23. Special Stains Up to 16 slides Up to 76% time saving for staining protocols

  24. 1) Select stains menu 2) Select specific stain

  25. 3) Follow step by step indications 4) Selected program is prestored ready to use.

  26. Dedicated Histomodules 45K, up to 45 cassette 4K, up to 4 cassette 16s, up to 16 slides

  27. A review of some key factors influencing the quality of sections and stains

  28. Bench-level quality factors • Pre-fixation • Fixation • Grossing • Processing • Embedding • Microtomy • Flotation • Section drying • H&E and special stains • IHC, ISH and FISH • Coverslipping

  29. Pre-fixation damage “If tissue is not in a healthy, living state when it is fixed, it can reveal only abnormal details, whatever its subsequent treatment.” Bracegirdle B. A History of Microtechnique

  30. Pre-fixation damage: examples Crush artifact Heat damage Dessication Autolysis

  31. Fixation: common problems Poor quality fixative Inappropriate containers Tissue fragments roughly handled Inadequate volume of formalin

  32. THANK YOU !

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