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Chapter 11 “The Age of Napoleon and the Triumph of Romanticism”

Chapter 11 “The Age of Napoleon and the Triumph of Romanticism”. AP EUROPEAN HISTORY MR. RICK PURRINGTON MARSHALL HIGH SCHOOL. The Age of Napoleon. I.The Age of Napoleon Begins “He was like an expert chess player, with the human race for an opponent, which he proposed to checkmate.”

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Chapter 11 “The Age of Napoleon and the Triumph of Romanticism”

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  1. Chapter 11“The Age of Napoleon and the Triumph of Romanticism” AP EUROPEAN HISTORY MR. RICK PURRINGTON MARSHALL HIGH SCHOOL

  2. The Age of Napoleon

  3. I.The Age of Napoleon Begins “He was like an expert chess player, with the human race for an opponent, which he proposed to checkmate.” ~ description of Napoleon Bonaparte A.Young Napoleon 1. 20yrs old when revolution started, ambitious military lieutenant 2. Supported the Jacobins, very outspoken 3. Early military successes - defeated Br at Toulon - defeated Au in Italy - returned to Fr a hero

  4. B. Napoleon Under the Directory 1. Fr wanted stability 2. N submits a new Consulate Constitution via plebiscite to the people and is approved 3. 1799 -- N is voted First Consul of Directory

  5. C. Napoleon’s Early Popularity 1. “order,security,efficiency” replaces “liberty, equality, fraternity” - makes peace w/Br, Au - employed internal critics - secret police eliminated royalist threats - insists on state control over RCC in Fr 2. 1802 – voted “Consul for life” by Fr people 3. Napoleonic Code - universal laws for all of Fr - equal economic opportunity for men is important - women are not treated as equals - freedom of press restricted - order valued over ind. rights 4.1804 – voted Emperor Napoleon I of Fr

  6. D. Napoleon I: Emperor of Fr (1804-1812) 1. Sought security for Fr a) conquered nearby territories easily “Napoleon’s presence on the battlefield was worth 40,000 troops.” b) threatened war w/others c) forced alliances 2. 1812 - almost all of Eu bowed to Fr 3. Fr pride soars

  7. 4. Br, Ru resisted Fr domination 5. The Continental System a) plan to defeat Br economically b) hurt all of Eu 6. Sp, Au citizens resist Fr influence 7. 1812 - N wanted “Madrid to Moscow” a) 600,000 Fr troops to Ru

  8. 8. Ru retreats Eastward “scorched earth” policy, including Moscow 9. Oct 1812 – Fr failw/few supplies 10. Dec 1812 -- Fr retreat 11. 1000’s of Fr die while retreating 12. Less than100,000 troops return to Fr 13. Fr army is weakened, demoralized

  9. 14.Br, Ru, Pr, Au alliance defeats Fr E. N steps down 1. N exiled to Elba 2. Louis XVIII (brother of Louis XVI) takes over as King of Fr 3. Fear of the old monarchy causes riots in Fr

  10. F. March, 1815 -- N returns 1. Louis XVIII, fearful for his life, flees Fr 2. N is welcomed back 3. Battle of Waterloo -- Br and Pr again defeat Fr G. N steps down again 1. sent to live in exile in St. Helena 2. 1821 -- poisoned to death?

  11. Eu in 1815 after Napoleon

  12. II. Peace after Napoleon A. The European Balance of Power (BOP) 1.1815-The Congress of Vienna – Metternich of Au a) Quadruple Alliance Br, Pr, Ru, Au b) the goal – keep the BOP, create defensive strategies to withstand domination c) Pr, Ru, Au, form Holy Alliance, Br drops out

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