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Government of Kerala

Government of Kerala. HYDROLOGY PROJECT PHASE – II Final Supervision & Completion Mission May 5-16, 2014 Kerala Surface Water Component. Nodal Officer : GIRIJA DEVI S.K Chief Engineer Project II & Hydrology Project.

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Government of Kerala

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  1. Government of Kerala HYDROLOGY PROJECT PHASE – II Final Supervision & Completion Mission May 5-16, 2014 Kerala Surface Water Component Nodal Officer : GIRIJA DEVI S.K Chief Engineer Project II & Hydrology Project

  2. Financial Target and Achievements

  3. Physical Progress • Gauging of Hydro- meteorological • stations using modern data • collection Equipments • 54 River gauging sites • 140 meteorological sites including • 9 full climatic stations. • Historical hydro- Meteorological data digitized.

  4. GSM telemetry system has been installed in State Data Processing Centre. • Up gradation of existing hydro meteorological stations in Bharathapuzha River basin with Real Time Telemetric Systems. Water Level Recorder with Telemetry Systems– 7Nos Rain Gauge with Telemetry Systems – 6 Nos

  5. Data Processing and Analysis Pictorial representation of Analysis Results of Rainfall patterns in the year 2011 and drought year 2012 Current Data Analysed in SDPC and Published in the form of Water Year Book.

  6. Dissemination of data and application of HIS • Historical data is already published in the form of water year book and also kept in Digital Format. • Hydrological Data Users Group was formulated in the state. • Data disseminated to various organizations like Government agencies, Educational Institutions, NGO's and other Research organizations inside and outside the state from State Data Storage Centre, Thiruvananthapuram.

  7. Other Physical Achievements • Training programmes were implemented to handle the latest, sophisticated technologies, software and protocols in HIS. • Awareness Raising Programmes to data users. • Construction of new River gauging stations in ungauged river basins -10Nos (7 nos completed and 3 Nos nearing completion). • Procured Arc GIS Software with 3D Analyst and Spatial Analyst extensions. • Strengthened and upgraded the infrastructure facilities of Level II WQ Lab at Thrissur. Salinity Study Conducted for Major Irrigation Projects. • DSS Server with Static IP Connection and Work Stations -3Nos. • Procured Reference Books for Library.

  8. Construction of training center building at Thrissur – completed.

  9. Construction of Regional Centre for Ground Water Building and Lab Level II at Ernakulm.- Work is nearing Completion.

  10. DSS(P) – Status,Sustainability and Future Bharathapuzha Basin Kerala State

  11. Bharathapuzha Basin Setup

  12. Final Model of Bharathapuzha River Basin inDSS Software Hydrological parameters (including groundwater parameters in accordance with the latest GEC) in the basin was fine tuned using NAM & Mike Basin

  13. Applications under DSS - Bharathapuzha basin • Conjunctive Use • Inter basin transfer with Hydropower module- Revisit of Kuriarkuty-Karapara Project • Inter Sub Basin Transfer- Silent Valley to Malampuzha reservoir • Artificial Recharge Viability Analysis. • Water Quality module • Water Availability of Bharathapuzha Basin • Reservoir Operation • Irrigation module

  14. Conjunctive Use

  15. Inter Basin Transfer with Hydropower Mode: Revisit of Kuriarkutty- Karappara Project The application was envisaged for providing irrigation to Kanjikode - Kozhijampara area. The project was conceived 2 decades ago but did not materialize due to objection from forest department.Scenarios were run for different levels of submergence using DEM. Mike Basin was used to analyze the amount water conveyed through tunnel and the hydropower generated.

  16. Salient Observations of the Study • The unutilized capacity of Parambikulam reservoir is made use of for supplying water to Palakkad region in the summer months. • The process of supplying the water to Contour canal in the monsoon months and receiving back a lesser amount in summer months is equivalent of having a new reservoir of capacity 90Mm3 up in the Western Ghats without any cost. (Capacity of the proposed Karapara reservoir is only 28Mm3.) • The most suitable option appears to be the 2nd scenario in which maximum water (164.3Mm3) is transferred to Contour canal from Karapara and Upper Kuriarkuty and getting back a stable flow of 88.6Mm3 in summer months for power and Irrigation. • The water availability at Moolathara will be doubled from 7.5 TMC (as per PAP agreement), if the project is implemented.

  17. Forest submergence will be minimum in this proposal. • The power generated will be around 15 MW from Karapara and 30MW from Main tunnel. Power can be produced in the summer also. • The power generated from the project will be more than 200MW if only peak hour generation is followed. • During heavy rainy season, the main tunnel can also be used for transferring flood water from Chalakudy basin to Bharathapuzha basin, where flood does not cause much damage.

  18. Artificial Recharge Viability Analysis A project proposal amounting to 7.5 crores was submitted before the Kerala State Ground Water Authority which in turn has recommended to the Government for the final nod.

  19. Inter Sub Basin Transfer This application was to study the viability of inter sub basin water transfer during monsoon season to rain shadow regions and there by to augment the ground resource of the area.

  20. Water Availability of Bharathapuzha Basin Specific runoff in the basin Rain fall distribution Sub Basin Wise Specific run off

  21. Reservoir Operation Simulated data of seven reservoirs in the Study Basin was integrated using DSS (P) Software. Inflow (including dependability), Water level, Demands etc. can be viewed and exported to MS Excel. This will help Officers involved in Water Resources planning to take decisions on Water allocation.

  22. Applications of DSS Tools - Other River basins - Dam release study for meeting the domestic water supply in Trivandrum. Integrated operation of proposed reservoirs in Vamanapuram Basin. Analysing the feasibility of a dam at Murinjapuzha – Manimala Basin. Viability analysis of proposed Pattissery Dam in Pambar basin. Feasibility of 7 check dam locations - Meenachil Basin. Reconnaissance study for storage locations - Chalakudy Basin. Feasibility of check dam locations in Pampar Basin . Drinking water supply to Kollam City Kuttanad Flood study Thampanoor Flood study

  23. DSS Set-up SW Server (TSR) GW Server (TVM) LAN • Database (access & update) • DSS • MIKEBASIN SW SW GW GW SW 1 (TSR Division) SW 2 (Under CGNR Division) GW 1 (TSR) • Database (access) • DSS • MIKEBASIN • VPN Connectivity GW 2 (EKM) SE - SW SE - GW EE-SW/Sr. HG - GW • Database (access) • DSS • LAN/VPN Connectivity Chief Engineer Hydrology Director Ground Water Secretary Water Resources • Analysed data • Model results • Web Server

  24. DSS Project Status of Kerala state Action had been taken to model all basins of Kerala using DSS tools. Training had been given to 20 engineers of the Hydrology wing in DSS tools. The modeling activity of basin by the concerned hydrology engineers is expected to improve the quality of data acquisition and storage of data. Rainfall- Runoff Modelling (NAM) completed for the following basins Shyria, Anjarakandy, Meenachil, Achencovil and Manimala.

  25. Rainfall Runoff model of Bharathapuzha basin represents characteristics of GW & SW. The trainings and DHI support was effectively utilized by the state as there was no change in team members in the last four years. • The Secretary to Govt. (Water Resources Department, Kerala) and department Heads in Kerala are keen to make use of this decision making tool. The applications mentioned earlier was carried out on such directions. • Detailed documentation on all the developed applications is in progress. • With projects like DSS getting good momentum, Kerala also focuses on the extension on HP…

  26. DSS (P) Project Kerala State Sustainability and Future • License issue for model tools • Now no network License for modelling……… • TOT Training and Training in MIKE HYDRO • No body is trained in MIKE HYDRO (New Modelling Software). In House training programme is needed for DSS team Members and other officials. • TOT Programme originally planned for the state was not materialized. • Less training in DSS(P) Software • An exhaustive training was lacking. • Comparison, Optimization, Dashboard…….. techniques • Modeling of other basins • Need future support to the modeling processes – NIH/DHI • Hardware issues • Trouble shooting in future. There is no system in place.

  27. Purpose Driven Study A Comprehensive Assessment of WQ Status of Kerala state

  28. Implementing Agencies • Kerala State Irrigation Department • Kerala State Ground Water Department • & • Hard Rock Regional Centre, National • Institute of Hydrology, Belgaum

  29. Objectives • To ascertain the existing pollution levels of Rivers, Streams, Lakes, Ponds, Wells, Tap water and other water bodies in Kerala • To evolve Water Quality Index for the surface water bodies and quality modelling for the selected river reaches • To develop vulnerability index for ground water resources • To create awareness among people about the locations causing pollution and thereby to initiate proper pollution control practices.

  30. Steps involved in the study • Sampling Network Design. • Collection and analysis of Water Samples. • Onsite analysis of Hourly DO and BOD for selected river Basins. • Discharge measurement at sampling sites. • Compilation of WQ Data. • Preparation of Location maps in GIS. • Data exchange to NIH for further processing and reporting . • Awareness dissemination & Technical Workshops.

  31. WQ Sampling Network Design Sample Collection network was designed covering all River Basins of the state. The locations selected are river gauging stations, reservoirs, ponds, lakes, intake points of Kerala water authority, tap water points of KWA, upstream of major tributaries confluences, points likely to be contaminated by pesticides and d/s of discharge points of industries.

  32. Parameters Analysed PHYSICAL. CHEMICAL. BACTERIOLOGICAL. TRACES & PESTICIDES.

  33. PHYSICAL PARAMETERS : Colour, Temperature, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids, Electrical Conductivity, Odour. CHEMICALPARAMETERS : pH, Acidity, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Fluoride, Iron, Nitrate, Dissolved Oxygen, BOD, COD Sulphate, Phosphate, Manganese. BACTERIOLOGICAL : Total Coliform, E- Coli TRACE METALS AND PESTICIDES : Arsenic, Copper, Mercury, Lead, Zinc Nickel, Cadmium, Lindane, Aldrin ,Die Aldrin, Endosulphan Alpha, Endosulphan Beta, DDD, DDE.

  34. WQ Labs involved in the analysis of Samples. Level II WQ Lab established under Hydrology Project at Thrissur. Quality Control Labs of Kerala Water Authority (KWA). Central Water Research Lab of CWRDM, Kozhikode.

  35. Physical Achievements • WQ Data of surface water samples of 485 stations pertaining to various River Basins of the State have been generated for the following seasons • Pre and Post Monsoon 2008 • Pre Monsoon 2009 • Pre and Post Monsoon 2010 • Post Monsoon 2011 • Pre Monsoon 2012 • During the season Post Monsoon 2011 and Pre Monsoon 2012, 175 samples were collected only from the 15 major River Basins of the state and analysed for physico chemical parameters

  36. DO-BOD Monitoring of River Basins viz. Pamba, Periyar, Muvattupuzha, Karamana, Chaliyar, Vamanapuram, Kallada, Achenkovil, Manimala, Meenachil, Chalakkudy, and Bharathapuzha have been carried out on hourly basis. • Prepared maps of various river basins showing sampling locations in Arc GIS. • Conducted awareness raising workshops on district level and Regional Seminar on Water Quality Assessment and Management of Kerala State at State Level. • Technical workshops were organized to train the State Government officials involved in Water quality Analysis, Assessment and Management.

  37. Location Map of WQ Monitoring Stations

  38. Findings of the Study • The major water quality problem associated with rivers of Kerala is bacteriological pollution. • The study also revealed that industrial pollution of surface water is not much in Kerala compared to other States of India. • In some of the rivers viz Periyar, Muvattupuzha etc which directly receive untreated industrial effluents, the pollution is in an alarming rate. • Salinity is another problem observed in the coastal stretches

  39. In general the water quality deterioration is reported to be mainly due to anthropogenic activities. • Large scale urbanization, indiscriminate disposal of solid and liquid waste, changes in land-use and agricultural practices contribute significantly to the water quality deterioration • Bacteriological contamination is mainly due to poor sanitation practices

  40. Recommendations • There is an urgent need to make integrated efforts by different Government as well as Non-Governmental organizations in order to address issues related to large scale contamination of fresh water resources to provide the desired quality of water to various stake holders in Kerala. • A regular water quality monitoring program covering the entire State. • Adequate and well trained technical staff is required for carrying out the analysis utilizing advanced equipments in the WQ laboratories.

  41. Appropriate Scientific interventions and management practices are required to be evolved for proper disposal of solid and liquid waste as these lead to the contamination of the available fresh surface as well as ground water resources. • Scientific, cost-effective and environmental friendly Mitigation activities are to be practised. • Establishing Web based water quality information System. • Mass awareness programs to manage water quality and related health problems. • Water Quality related studies to be continued with extended objectives and scope to address the water quality problems of Kerala State in a Holistic Manner.

  42. Post project plan for continuation of HPII Activities

  43. Proposal for next phase of Hydrology Project submitted……. • Development of DSS (Planning) for all River Basins of Kerala. • Water Quality Monitoring and Modelling of Reservoirs. • Dam Break Analysis and Flood Forecasting Study. • Climate Change study and Hydrological Modelling. • Real Time Data Acquisition Systems. • Training Programmes. • Infrastructure Development:

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