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Life Cycle and Reproductive Stages of Fungi: From Zygote to Mycelium

This overview explores the complex life cycle of fungi, emphasizing the transition from haploid spores to the diploid zygote. It details the formation of dikaryotic club-shaped cells found at mushroom gills, where nuclear fusion occurs. Meiosis follows, producing haploid spores that germinate into hyphae, ultimately forming a branching mycelium. Key stages of fungal reproduction, including cytoplasmic fusion and the development of spore-bearing mushrooms, are illustrated across various figures. Understanding these processes is essential for studying fungal biology and ecology.

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Life Cycle and Reproductive Stages of Fungi: From Zygote to Mycelium

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  1. Fig. 22-1, p.350

  2. Fig. 22-1, p.351

  3. zygote fungi sac fungi club fungi chytrids microsporidians FUNGI amoeboid ancestors Fig. 22-2, p.352

  4. Fig. 22-4, p.353

  5. Fig. 22-5, p.354

  6. Fig. 22-3, p.352

  7. The end club-shaped cell becomes a diploid (2n) zygote when its two nuclei fuse. Diploid Stage Haploid Stage meiosis nuclear fusion Club-shaped cells, each dikaryotic (n + n), form at the margins of mushroom gills. After nuclear fusion, the 2n cell undergoes meiosis and bears four haploid spores at its tips. spore (n) Spores are released. gill Each germinating spore gives rise to a hypha that grows and becomes a branching mycelium. cap stalk After cytoplasmic fusion, new cells of the mycelium have two nuclei (n + n). Spore-bearing mushrooms form from this mycelium. cytoplasmic fusion hyphae of mycelium sexual spore (n) at gill margin Fig. 22-7, p.355

  8. Fig. 22-8, p.356

  9. Fig. 22-9, p.357

  10. Fig. 22-10, p.357

  11. Table 22-1, p.359

  12. Fig. 22-12, p.359

  13. Fig. 22-12, p.359

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