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Estimation of NH4+/SO42- Molar Ratios Using URM Modeling Outputs: A Comparative Study

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26 diapositives · 422 Views · Oct 13, 2014

This study investigates the molar ratios of ammonium (NH4+) to sulfate (SO42-) derived from URM model outputs over distinct periods in July 1991 and July 1995. By analyzing SO2 and NH3 emissions, the research highlights how these molar ratios are influenced by varying concentrations of aerosol sulfate and gas-phase ammonia. Results indicate spatial variations in NH4+/SO42- ratios, with the July 1991 episode generally exhibiting lower ratios compared to July 1995, reflecting the respective concentrations of sulfuric acid.

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  1. Estimation of NH4+/SO42- Molar Ratios Using URM Modeling Outputs - Part 2 Jim Boylan, Talat Odman, Ted Russell April 24, 2001 Georgia Institute of Technology

  2. Outline • Molar Ratio Equation • Model Results for July 11 - 19, 1995 • SO2 and NH3 Emissions • NH4+/SO42- Molar Ratios • SO42- Concentration • Model Results for July 23 - 31, 1991 • SO2 and NH3 Emissions • NH4+/SO42- Molar Ratios • SO42- Concentration Georgia Institute of Technology

  3. Molar Ratio Equation • If we assume or show that the moles of Na+ are small compared to the moles of NH4+, we can estimate the molar ratio of NH4+ to SO42-. • If the moles of Na+ and NH4+ are similar, we can assume that both are in the same sulfate form. Georgia Institute of Technology

  4. SO2 Emissions on July 15, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  5. SO2 and NH3 Emissions on July 15, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  6. July 11, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  7. July 12, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  8. July 13, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  9. July 14, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  10. July 15, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  11. July 16, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  12. July 17, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  13. July 18, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  14. July 19, 1995 Georgia Institute of Technology

  15. SO2 Emissions on July 27, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  16. SO2 and NH3 Emissions on July 27, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  17. July 23, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  18. July 24, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  19. July 25, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  20. July 26, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  21. July 27, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  22. July 28, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  23. July 29, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  24. July 30, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  25. July 31, 1991 Georgia Institute of Technology

  26. Summary • The NH4+/SO42- molar ratios are dependent on the concentrations of aerosol sulfate and gas-phase ammonia, which vary spatially. • Areas with little or no ammonia emissions (e.g. WV) tend to have lower NH4+/SO42- molar ratios. • In general, the July 1991 episode shows lower NH4+/SO42- molar ratios than the July 1995 episode for the same sulfate concentrations. • July 1995: little H2SO4 when [SO42-] < 16 mg/m3 • July 1991: little H2SO4 when [SO42-] < 10 mg/m3 Georgia Institute of Technology