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Innovative Heated Glove Design for Cold Environments

This project aims to develop a heated glove that provides warmth in cold conditions. Key features include a rechargeable battery, a temperature sensor, and the use of reversible exothermic materials to minimize heat loss. Robust mechanical and electrical testing was conducted to ensure efficiency, utilizing materials like polyethylene glycol and octadecane for phase change. Field tests confirmed the glove effectively keeps hands warm in freezing environments. Future improvements will enhance encapsulation processes, insulation, and user accessibility.

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Innovative Heated Glove Design for Cold Environments

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  1. GLove Kristin Brodie Jeff Colton Colin Galbraith Bushra Makiya Tiffany Santos

  2. Objective To create a glove that will generate heat to help keep one’s hand warm in a cold environment • What will this require? • Source of heat • How will they be different? • Lightweight • Smart • Temperature Sensor/Switch • Rechargeable Battery • Reversible Exothermic Material

  3. Heat Loss Model Conduction • Cylindrical Hand • Power Lost @ -10C relative to Power Lost @ 25C • 2rLq = 2L(T1-T3)/R = 2.5W • R = Fabric Resistance + BL Resistance Glove Layers Convection

  4. Overview

  5. Battery Operated Glove

  6. Wires

  7. Mechanical Testing Data

  8. Electrical Resistivity Testing All wire diameters are ~40mm *R for wire wrapped around a finger **R for wire after work-hardening

  9. Wire Insulators Teflon Tubing Nextel Braids

  10. Batteries • Amphr • Size • Durability • Recharge ability

  11. Field Testing My hand feels warm, stop recording At what temperature is your hand comfortable? Tested 10 subjects • Placed in freezer • Dressed in winter clothes • Wore gloves with heating element • 1.7W of power supplied • Temp recorded when subject said their hand was warm Conclusion • Thermal Switch should turn power off at ~32C

  12. Temperature Sensor/Switch Resistance/Current Testing

  13. Fabric Blends of Polyester/Cotton were tested • Thermal Testing • Input Power = 1.73 W • 100cm of wire • 3.7V • Temperature inside and outside • of glove measured Power Generated From Glove: 2rLq=2L(T1-T3)/R = 1.73 W L/R = 0.018 W/K Power lost using 100P* under conditions previously modeled: 2.7 W

  14. Phase Change Materials (PCM) Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) • Tm = 26.6° C • Tc = 9.8° C • Hc = 151.0 J/g • Extremely hydrophilic Octadecane • Tm = 27.2° C • Tc = 16.5° C • Hc = 283.5 J/g • Hydrophobic

  15. PCM Incorporation PURPOSE: To prevent leakage from glove when PCM melts. Ideal Process • Microspheres to maximize surface area • Polypropylene (PP) / High Density Polyethylene (PE) • Can be used to encapsulate microspheres • Can be drawn into fibers • Extrusion of PEG/PP: phase separation Complications • Different thermal properties of PEG and PE • Lack of Encapsulation Capabilities • Lack of Extrusion Facilities

  16. Microsphere Fabrication Successfully produced both paraffin and octadecane microspheres. Complications • Inefficiency of filtering process • Large scale production

  17. Final PCM Designs Octadecane • Ground particles embedded in base material. • Polydimethyl Siloxane (PDMS) Resin • Thermal conductivity = 0.002W/m*K • 5g octadecane in 10ml (~7.5g) PDMS PEG • Melting attempts failed. • Heat sealed in bags. • Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) • Thermal conductivity = 0.33W/m*K • 7g of PEG in ~11g LDPE -(CH2-CH2)-

  18. Comparison of PCM Designs Octadecane in PDMS PEG in PE Potential Heat: 2.36 J Actual Heat: 1.16 J Efficiency: 49% Potential Heat: 0.66 J Actual Heat: 0.43 J Efficiency: 65%

  19. PCM Conclusions • Octadecane is more efficient than PEG. • Polyethylene is more efficient than PDMS. • Future Recommendations • Encapsulate octadecane in polyethylene. • Extrusion

  20. Assembly Fabrication of Gloves Inner Lining Outer Cover Sew wire into glove Encapsulation of PCMs Connect wires to temp. switch Connect wires to battery

  21. Cost Analysis Competitors: $40-$150

  22. Results

  23. Future Work Improvements • Encapsulation process • Incorporation of PCM into glove • Incorporation of thermally conductive material into PCM gloves • Incorporation of wire into glove • Insulation • Ease of access to recharge battery • On/Off switch • Application of Wire Insulation • Field Test Prototype w/ People or Heat Model • In Freezer

  24. Acknowledgements

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