1 / 21

The Enlightenment and the American Revolution Chapter 17

The Enlightenment and the American Revolution Chapter 17. 17-1 Philosophy in the Age of Reason. “Go, wondrous creature! Mount where Science guides; Go, measure earth, weigh air, and state the tides; Instruct the planets in what orbs to run, Correct old Time, and regulate the sun.”

yana
Télécharger la présentation

The Enlightenment and the American Revolution Chapter 17

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Enlightenment and the American RevolutionChapter 17

  2. 17-1 Philosophy in the Age of Reason “Go, wondrous creature! Mount where Science guides; Go, measure earth, weigh air, and state the tides; Instruct the planets in what orbs to run, Correct old Time, and regulate the sun.” -Alexander Pope, Essay on Man

  3. Progress and Reason • Scientific successes led to study of ______. • The Enlightenment • Social • Political • Economic

  4. Two Views of the Social Contract • Thomas Hobbes • Leviathan • Social contract • John Locke • Reasonable people • Natural rights • Limited government • If government fails then…….

  5. Separation of Powers • 1700s France saw a flowering of Enlightenment thought • Baron de Montesquieu • limited monarchy • Three separate branches: • Checks and balances

  6. The Philosophes and Society • Philosophes • Voltaire Defends Freedom of Thought • Aristocrats • Battled against: • Offended the French government and the Catholic Church

  7. The Encyclopedia • Denis Diderot • “to change the general way of thinking” • Topics of articles: • Banned from Catholics • Helped spread Enlightenment

  8. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • Natural innocence • Minimum control • Subordinate to community • Hatred for all forms of political and economic oppression

  9. Women and the Enlightenment • “free and equal”? • Mary Wollenstonecraft • Good mother first • Decide her own interests • A Vindication of the Rights of Woman 1792

  10. New Economic Thinking • Physiocrats- • Laissez Faire • Land v. Trade • Free trade • Opposed taxes on trade • Adam Smith • Wealth of Nations • No government regulation

  11. 17-2 Enlightenment Ideas Spread

  12. The Challenge of New Ideas • Censorship • Books banned and burned • Writers disguised their ideas in _____. • Exposed corruption and hypocrisy on European society. • Salons

  13. Enlightened Depots • Enlightened depots- • Frederick the Great • King of Prussia 1740-86 • Admired Voltaire • Peasants- • “everyone can go to heaven in his own fashion” • Strong civil service • Simplified laws

  14. Catherine the Great (Russia) • Exchanged letters with Voltaire and Diderot • Serfdom • But… • Joseph II (Hapsburg) • “peasant emperor” • Religious tolerance to: • Ended censorship • Abolished ______ • Sold property of monasteries to build ______

  15. Lives of the Majority • E. Europe v. W. Europe • How were peasants taken advantage of in Western Europe?

  16. 17-3 American Revolution

  17. The 13 English Colonies • Navigation Acts- • Not enforced. Why? • Colonists seek autonomy

  18. Growing Discontent • Parliament passed laws to increase taxes on colonies. Why? • “no taxation without representation” • Early Clashes • Boston Massacre • Boycott • Stamp and Townshend Act • Boston Tea Party • First Continental Congress

  19. Declaring Independence • 1776 Second Continental Congress • Declaration of Independence • July 4th, 1776 • Written by Thomas Jefferson, inspired by _____. • Popular sovereignty

  20. The American Revolution • British advantages: • Loyalist, slaves, Native Americans • Colony advantages: • The French Alliance • Supplies, soldiers, and ____ • Also support from: • Treaty of Paris 1781

  21. A New Constitution • Articles of Confederation • The Constitution • The Impact of Enlightenment Ideas • Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau • Federal republic- • Bill of Rights • Limited Freedom • Exclusions:

More Related