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Human Reproduction and Development

Human Reproduction and Development. Similarities and differences between males and females, but same goal: new life. Primary sex organs: gonads Testes in males Ovaries in females These produce the gametes (sex cells) Sperm in males Ovum (egg) in females

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Human Reproduction and Development

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  1. Human Reproduction and Development

  2. Similarities and differences between males and females, but same goal: new life Primary sex organs: gonads Testes in males Ovaries in females These produce the gametes (sex cells) Sperm in males Ovum (egg) in females Endocrine function also: secretion of hormones Accessory sex organs Internal glands and ducts External genitalia

  3. Male Reproductive System

  4. Male Reproductive System

  5. Accessory glands help sperm survive • Seminal Fluid • Seminal Vesicles • Prostate Gland • Bulbourethral Glands

  6. Testis vas deferens blood vessels & nerves epididymis seminiferous tubules rete testes lobule septum testis scrotum

  7. skin layers urethra connective tissue foreskin glans penis urethral opening The Penis

  8. Biology 100 Human Biology Penis Cross Section erectile tissue skin urethra connective tissue

  9. Spermatogenesis

  10. Seminiferous Tubules

  11. Seminiferous Tubules

  12. Spermatogenesis

  13. acrosome head nucleus tail mitochondria Mature Spermatozoa

  14. Hormonal Control of Spermatogenesis

  15. Hormones Involved in Spermatogenesis • Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) • Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) • Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone (ICSH) • Testosterone • Inhibin

  16. Hormonal Control of Spermatogenesis Hypothalamus GnRH Anterior Pituitary ICSH FSH

  17. Hormonal Control of Spermatogenesis ICSH Interstitial Cells Testosterone

  18. Hormonal Control of Spermatogenesis FSH Testosterone Sertoli Cells Inhibin Spermatogenesis

  19. Feedback Inhibition Hormonal Control of Spermatogenesis Inhibin Acts on anterior pituitary Inhibits FSH production Testosterone Acts on hypothalamus Inhibits GnRH production

  20. Some Other Effects of Testosterone • muscle and bone growth • facial and pubic hair growth • thickening of vocal cords • growth of pharyngeal cartilage • hair follicle effects • stimulates sebaceous glands

  21. Vasectomy

  22. Female Reproductive System

  23. Biology 100 Human Biology uterine tube fimbriae ovary uterus bladder cervix urethra clitoris vagina l. minora l. majora vaginal orifice

  24. egg Biology 100 Human Biology uterine tube ovary ovary uterus endometrium cervix vagina

  25. Oogenesis in the Ovary

  26. Oogenesis

  27. Ovum

  28. Hormones Involved in the Female Reproductive Cycle • Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) • Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) • Luteinizing Hormone (LH) • Estrogen • Progesterone

  29. Female Hormonal Cycle Hypothalamus GnRH Anterior Pituitary LH FSH

  30. Female Hormonal Cycle LH FSH Follicle Cells Estrogen

  31. The Uterine Cycle

  32. Some Other Effects of Estrogen • breast development • external genitalia growth • bone growth • fat deposition

  33. Human Development

  34. Stages of Development Pre-Embryonic Development Fertilization Cleavage Embryonic Development Gastrulation Organogenesis Fetal Development

  35. Fertilization

  36. human chorionic gonadotropin estrogen Relative Blood Levels progesterone Fertilization Delivery

  37. sperm head

  38. Biology 100 Human Biology Fertilization

  39. Fertilization first polar body metaphase of second meiotic division

  40. Fertilization sperm pronucleus polar bodies oocyte pronucleus

  41. Cleavage

  42. Cleavage

  43. Gastrulation • Primary Germ Layers • Ectoderm • Endoderm • Mesoderm

  44. Implantation

  45. Organogenesis Differentiation of primary germ layers into tissues and organs.

  46. Gender development

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