1 / 21

Great Thinkers Think Alike!

Great Thinkers Think Alike!. Socrates Plato and Aristotle. Compiled by Amy. Philosophy. The study of General and fundamental problems such as: Reality Existence Knowledge Values Reason Mind Language Uses a critical approach to rational argument

yardley
Télécharger la présentation

Great Thinkers Think Alike!

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Great Thinkers Think Alike! Socrates Plato and Aristotle Compiled by Amy

  2. Philosophy • The study of General and fundamental problems such as: • Reality • Existence • Knowledge • Values • Reason • Mind • Language • Uses a critical approach to rational argument • Philosophy comes from the greek word philosophia which means the “love of wisdom”

  3. Rational Argument • Not an argument but a discussion • With many rules of respect and response • Each point in a discussion is • Discussed • questioned

  4. Three Great Thinkers • Socrates • Plato • Aristotle

  5. Socrates • Athenian Philospher • 469BC – 399BC • Know about him from Aristophanes plays • Father of Ethics • Socratic Method • Socrates once said, "I know you won't believe me, but the highest form of Human Excellence is to question oneself and others."

  6. Socratic MethodRational Argument • Obsessed with truth and how to find it • Ask Questions • Determine the beliefs of the other person • Force that person to answer questions that contradict their own beliefs • By destroying someone’s argument you eliminate possibilities

  7. Socrates Rules • No one desires evil. • No one errs or does wrong willingly or knowingly. • Virtue—all virtue—is knowledge. • Virtue is sufficient for happiness • The phrase socratic paradox can also refer to a self-referential paradox, originating in Socrates' phrase, “I know that I know nothing”

  8. Trial and Death of Socrates • He is put on trial for “corrupting the youth” and sentenced to death. • He made the youth question some of the Ancient Greek held beliefs. • His students went to the jail to argue with him to escape and go into exile. • I won’t tell you what happens!

  9. Plato • Born in Athens 429 • Student of Socrates • Founded the Academy • Wrote his teachings and dialogues down

  10. Plato’s Republic • Considered Plato’s masterpiece. • Describes what Plato thought would be a better form of government • Plato thought that most people were pretty stupid • They should not be voting about what to do. • Instead, the best people should be chosen to be the Guardians of the rest.

  11. Plato’s Chair

  12. Plato’s Cave • In the cave men chained to only see the back wall • One escapes • Sees the outside world • Goes back to explain it. • Do they believe him or think him crazy?

  13. Plato’s Passion • What really matters? • What is real to you? • How do you know? • Immortality of the soul • The afterlife • Defines the difference between what is real and what is knowable.

  14. Aristotle • Ancient Greek Philosopher • Polymath • Student of Plato • Teacher of Alexander the Great • Wrote about almost every subject. • Aristotle's theory of logic completely accounted for the core of deductive Reasoning

  15. Aristotle’s Concerns • Studied almost every subject • Sciences: Anatomy, astronomy, embryology, geography, geology, meteorology, physics, and zoology. • Philosophy: Aesthetics, ethics, government, metaphysics, politics, economics, psychology, rhetoric, and theology. • Education, foreign Customs, Literature and Poetry

  16. Deductive Logic • Aristotle departed from his two predecessors’ line of thought, • relying more on sensory input as a source of knowledge. • Today Aristotle is thought of as the granddaddy of the scientific method—despite the fact that he relied on pure reason, not experiment, to come to a conclusion • He was often wrong because he didn’t use a scientific method.

  17. Truth of Aristotle • Aristotle was threatened by Alexander the Great. • Aristotle refused to believe that Alexander was a GOD. • He knew Alexander as a child, young man, and adult. There was nothing divine. • Many people believe that Aristotle was responsbile for Alexander’s death but it is contrary to all Aristotles teachings.

  18. In Order • Socrates taught Plato • Plato taught Aristotle • Aristotle taught Alexander the Great.

  19. Assignment • 3 biocards • Write a description of something common without using the name of it. • Try to use descriptions that do not give the item away. • We will use logic to determine what you are describing.

  20. The Seeds of Knowledge Make a scroll page decorated in Greek form with beans and/or seeds. On the perimeter. Have the children ask questions based on the philosophy methods of each of the three thinkers: Use this as an example. Let htem give their answers. It may be surprising? Socrates asks Is this truly a seed? How do you know it is a seed? What is a seed? Plato asks What does a seed signify to you? Aristotle asks What kind of seed is this? All seeds grow into plants. This is a seed This will grow into a plant.

  21. More Sources! • http://www.gardenofpraise.com/ibdarist.htm • Historyforkids.org • Plato’s Republic • Trial and Death of Socrates • http://www.mentalfloss.com/difference/socrates-vs-plato-vs-aristotle/#ixzz2EANRWwUG • http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture8b.html

More Related