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The SELECT element

This article explains how to use the HTML <SELECT> and <TEXTAREA> elements for capturing user selections and feedback on web forms. The <SELECT> element allows users to choose from predefined options, similar to radio buttons, and can be configured for single or multiple selections. Examples illustrate how to set default options and control the dropdown size. The <TEXTAREA> element enables users to provide free-form feedback, accommodating larger text input. Together, these elements enhance user interaction in web applications.

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The SELECT element

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  1. The SELECT element • This type of element merely offers another way of capturing the kinds of user-selection that we have already seen how to capture with the INPUT elements of TYPE=checkbox and of TYPE=radio • Consider the web page on the following slide

  2. By clicking on the down-arrow, the user sees a range of options

  3. This is implemented as follows: <FORM METHOD="post" ACTION="/cgi-bin/tshirts.cgi"> <H1> T-shirt Order Form </H1> <FIELDSET> <LEGEND>Order</LEGEND> <P> What is your name? <INPUT TYPE=text NAME=name SIZE=10></P> <P>Sorry! Each order is limited to one T-shirt. Select the one you want: </P> <SELECT NAME=products> <OPTION VALUE=Batman> Batman's cloak </OPTION> <OPTION VALUE=Superman> Superman's cloak</OPTION> <OPTION VALUE="Dr. Who"> Dr. Who's coat</OPTION> </SELECT> </FIELDSET> <FIELDSET> <LEGEND>Form Submission</LEGEND> <P> <BUTTON TYPE=submit>Submit order</BUTTON></P> </FIELDSET> </FORM>

  4. SELECT element vs. INPUT element of TYPE=radio • The following SELECT element <SELECT NAME=products> <OPTION VALUE=Batman> Batman's cloak </OPTION> <OPTION VALUE=Superman> Superman's cloak</OPTION> <OPTION VALUE="Dr. Who"> Dr. Who's coat</OPTION> </SELECT> is equivalent to the following group of INPUT elements: <INPUT TYPE=radio NAME=products VALUE=Batman> Batman's cloak <INPUT TYPE=radio NAME=products VALUE=Superman> Superman's cloak <INPUT TYPE=radio NAME=products VALUE="Dr. Who"> Dr. Who's coat • They both allow ONLY ONE selection

  5. Allowing multiple selections • If we use the word MULTIPLE in the SELECT tag, multiple selections are allowed: <SELECT NAME=products MULTIPLE> <OPTION VALUE=Batman> Batman's cloak </OPTION> <OPTION VALUE=Superman> Superman's cloak</OPTION> <OPTION VALUE="Dr. Who"> Dr. Who's coat</OPTION> </SELECT> • See the next slide

  6. Preselection

  7. This is done as follows: <SELECT NAME=products MULTIPLE> <OPTION VALUE=Batman> Batman's cloak </OPTION> <OPTION VALUE=Superman SELECTED> Superman's cloak (our best-selling item)</OPTION> <OPTION VALUE="Dr. Who"> Dr. Who's coat</OPTION> </SELECT>

  8. Preselection when only one selection is allowed • Consider the following: <SELECT NAME=products> <OPTION VALUE=Batman> Batman's cloak </OPTION> <OPTION VALUE=Superman SELECTED> Superman's cloak (our best-selling item)</OPTION> <OPTION VALUE="Dr. Who"> Dr. Who's coat</OPTION> </SELECT> • Notice, on the next slide, that the Superman shirt is shown as a default, even though the Batman shirt is first in the list above

  9. What happens when the user moves to the T-shirt selection part of the form:

  10. Sizing the selection box • So far, the size of the selection box on the form has been determined by default by the browser • However, we can specify a size explicitly if we wish: <SELECT NAME=products SIZE=2> <OPTION VALUE=Batman> Batman's cloak </OPTION> <OPTION VALUE=Superman SELECTED> Superman's cloak (our best-selling item)</OPTION> <OPTION VALUE="Dr. Who"> Dr. Who's coat</OPTION> </SELECT> • See what results on the next slide

  11. The TEXTAREA element • With this element, we can allow the user to give us free-form feedback • Consider the following web page and what happens when the user fills it in as shown on the following slides

  12. How it was done: <FIELDSET> <LEGEND> Feedback </LEGEND> <P>What do you think of our products?</P> <TEXTAREA NAME=feedback ROWS=3 COLS=40> Type your answer here … </TEXTAREA> </FIELDSET> • A TEXTAREA is delimited by two tags: TEXTAREA and /TEXTAREA • The TEXTAREA tag has NAME attribute and may have attributes which specify the size of the text-entry box -- but the user’s text can be much larger than this • The text between the two tags is the initial text that appears in the text-entry box.

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