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MYCOTOXINS

MYCOTOXINS. citrinin. Cuyno , Joanna Marie V. Torno , Mylene C. III-BSCT. CITRININ. CITRININ. Citrinin (CTN) is a nephrotoxic mycotoxin produced by several fungal strains belonging to the genera Penicillium , Aspergillus , and Monascus.

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MYCOTOXINS

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  1. MYCOTOXINS citrinin Cuyno, Joanna Marie V. Torno, Mylene C. III-BSCT

  2. CITRININ

  3. CITRININ Citrinin(CTN) is a nephrotoxicmycotoxin produced by several fungal strains belonging to the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Monascus. The name of the compound came from the organism Penicilliumcitrinumfrom which this mycotoxin was first isolated.

  4. CITRININ The name of the compound came from the organism Penicilliumcitrinumfrom which this mycotoxin was first isolated. Citrinin is insoluble in water but soluble in most of other polar organic solvents.

  5. PenicillumCitrinum

  6. CITRININ It is usually found together with another nephrotoxicmycotoxin, ochratoxin A (OTA). Citrinin and ochratoxin are believed to be involved in the aetiology of endemic nephropathy.

  7. CITRININ Occurrence:

  8. CITRININ Toxicity: In addition to nephrotoxicity, CTN is also embryocidal and fetotoxic. In repeat dose toxicity studies, the kidney was identified as the principal target organ for citrinin and significant species differences in the susceptibility to citrinin have been observed.

  9. CITRININ Toxicity: The investigation on thermal decomposition and detoxification showed that, in the presence of the small amount of water, heating citrinin at 130C caused a significant decrease in its toxicity. Whereas heating at 140 or 150C in water caused formation on highly toxic compound.

  10. CITRININ Toxicity: As a nephrotoxicmycotoxin, citrinin (CTN) contaminates various foodstuffs and animal feed commodities. In the present study, the effects of CTN on cell cycle arrest and microtubule formation were investigated by applying human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells as a model. Exposure of HEK293 cells to CTN resulted in an arrest of cell cycle G2/M in a concentration-dependent increase. Administrating CTN elevated the expression levels of p53 and p21 proteins, yet attenuated the signals of phosphorylated cell division cycle 2.

  11. CITRININ Reference: http://www.trilogylab.com/uploads/Citrinin.pdf http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/2605.pdf http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.10222475.html

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