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Islam

Islam. History . Islam means submission (to God) in Arabic. A person who follows Islam is called a Muslim which means a person who submits. Trace their heritage back to the Old Testament Islam was founded by a man named Muhammad who lived in Mecca. . History Continued .

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Islam

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  1. Islam

  2. History • Islam means submission (to God) in Arabic. • A person who follows Islam is called a Muslim which means a person who submits. • Trace their heritage back to the Old Testament • Islam was founded by a man named Muhammad who lived in Mecca.

  3. History Continued • Muhammad was born around 570 C.E. • Muhammad was uncomfortable with the worship of idols and began spending more time alone. • When he was 40 he heard a voice, the voice of the Angel Gabriel, telling him to recite the words of Allah (God) “There is only one God, Allah.”

  4. History Continued • Muhammad became a prophet and begin telling others what the Angel Gabriel told him, • 622 Muhammad and his followers left Mecca to move to a place of safety and settled in Medina. - This trip is called the Hegira and it marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.

  5. History Continued • Islam flourished in Medina as people were open to Muhammad’s message. • Muhammad and his followers returned to Mecca and converted the people of Mecca to Muslims.

  6. History Continued • Muhammad died suddenly in 632 before appointing a successor. Arguments over the rightful heir to his leadership caused the divisions within Islam that persist to this day. • The two major divisions of Muslims: • Shia or Shiites: Believe that Muhammad’s successor must be a direct descendent. • Sunni: Muhammad’s successor did not have to be a relative. Instead, they must be qualified (90% of Muslims today)

  7. Beliefs • Allah sent a series of prophets to the world and each shared his message with the world. • Allah’s message was not considered to be complete until Muhammad (considered to be the final prophet). • Believe in the five pillars: 1. a declaration of faith 2. prayer 3. giving to charity, 4. fasting 5. a pilgrimage to Mecca

  8. Concept of God • Believe in one God, whom they call Allah.

  9. Sacred Writings • Koran or Qur’an: - The holy book of Islam. - Considered to be the word of Allah. - Describes a way of life that describes ways that are allowed (halal) and ones that are not (haram). These acts include dietary laws, which do not allow the eating of pork or drinking of alcohol.

  10. Symbols • Crescent new moon and star: • The new moon represents the new birth that takes place at the beginning of each month of the Islamic calendar. • The star represents the guidance of Allah.

  11. Worship/Sacred Space • Mosque: Building Muslims gather in for community prayers. • Prayer five times a day facing the direction of Mecca. • Mihrah: A niche in the wall of a mosque that shows the direction of Mecca.

  12. Extra Information • Kaaba: • Considered to be the most sacred place to Muslims. • It is a shrine in the center of their holy city of Mecca. • Ramadan: Celebrates the time when the Koran was revealed to Muhammad.

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