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Landscape Management: April 13 - 29 EEES 4760/6760

Landscape Management: April 13 - 29 EEES 4760/6760. Term Paper II (final) is due on 5/6/2009. Again, do not wait until the last minute! 5% penalty for each delayed day will be applied for Term Paper II Field trip on April 27, 2009 (required)

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Landscape Management: April 13 - 29 EEES 4760/6760

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  1. Landscape Management: April 13 - 29 EEES 4760/6760 • Term Paper II (final) is due on 5/6/2009. Again, do not wait until the last minute! • 5% penalty for each delayed day will be applied for Term Paper II • Field trip on April 27, 2009 (required) • Final schedule for the remaining 3 weeks had been posted on the class Webpage • Major topics: fire management, HARVEST model and applications, LE case study in Inner Mongolia (Nan Lv), and challenges in landscape management

  2. Ecology & Management of Disturbed Landscapes Challenges and Opportunities Jiquan Chen Landscape Ecology & Ecosystem Science University of Toledo Apr 13, 2009

  3. Fires, Management, and Land Mosaics Interactions: A Generic Spatial Model and Toolkit from Stand to Landscape Scales Jiquan Chen (University of Toledo) Thomas Crow (USDA Forest Service) Bo Song (Clemson University) Jacob LaCroix (University of Toledo) Soung – Ryoul Ryu (University of Toledo) Daolan Zheng (University of New Hampshire) Xianli Wang (University of Alberta)

  4. Development of a generic, spatially-explicit management toolkit based on 4 key interactions among fire, fuels, vegetation, & management practices

  5. But, managers need “cookbooks” Ryu et al. (2007)

  6. Pattern-Process Simulated fire spreads in different parts of a managed forest landscape in Northern Wisconsin.

  7. Animations of A Simulated Fire (FARSITE) in N. WI Wang et al. (2006)

  8. FARSITE Surface Fire Interactive Chequamegon National Forest, WI Objective: to place fires on the Chequamegon National Forest (FARSITE simulations of 15-day fires) in different patches/habitats to examine the fire-mosaic interactions. • Introduction • Fire Spread • Red Pine • Site Photos • Simulation • Data Table • Graph • Hardwood • Site Photos • Simulation • Data Table • Graph • Jack Pine • Site Photos • Simulation • Data Table • Graph • Acknowledgments • Contact • Jacob.LaCroix@utoledo.edu • About • FARSITE • JFSP • LEES Lab University of Toledo Choose a location from the map.

  9. Choose a Location Red Pine Stands Northern Hardwoods Jack Pine Barrens No more activities, end. Lake Lenawee N Fire Tower Twin Lakes Campground Horseshoe Lake Horse Camp Back to outline Legend Red = Litter with no under story, Red Pines Green = Litter with under story, Northern Hardwoods Yellow = Brush < 2 ft high, Pine Barrens Brown = Light Logging Slash, Clear cuts Moquah Natural Area Pipeline Bladder Lake Pipeline 1 2 3 Miles

  10. Northern Hardwoods Forest Type Characterized by FARSITE as fuel with litter and under story. Northern Hardwoods may include species like Sugar Maple, Red Maple, Red Oak, White Oak, Ironwood, Hazelnut and can, in this exercise, include softer Birches and Aspens. Back to outline http://www.fs.fed.us/r9/cnnf/reports/report1999/ http://sevilleta.unm.edu/research/crosssite/carbon/images.htm

  11. Northern Hardwoods: Choose the number of days for the fire to last and the level of rain desired. End Back to locations Back to outline

  12. Fuel Loading within AEI and AMEI Scenarios Effect Fire Size and MovementJacob LaCroix Questions: • Does AEI and AMEI (area of multiple edge influence) affect fire movement? (Li et al., 2006) • Can managing fuel loading in AEI impact fire spread? • Which ecosystems resist edge influences? • Can we manage burned area outside of a prescribed fire at the landscape level?

  13. Hypotheses • Adding and manipulating the fuel loading within AEI and AMEI landscape scenarios will change burned area and fire movement • Using multiple measures, BA and fire front vector direction and loading • AEI will override the role of the dominant ecosystem fuel in which a fire is located and control fire front direction and vector loading

  14. Objectives • Overall: to examine edge fuel loading structural scenarios for contributions to fire movement with multiple levels of fuel loading in AEI and AMEI • To determine: • The impacts of AEI and AMEI on fire size and movement • Fire front direction and vector loading without edges to isolate the AEI and AMEI effects • FARSITE parameterization: to demonstrate an application of a GIS AMEI delineating procedure • Algorithm developed in the LEES Lab (Li et al. 2006)

  15. Methods • Six landscapes: 1 no edge, 3 with single edge, each with different fuel loading, 2 AMEIi – 3 levels of fuel • Dependent variables (predictions): • Burned area (ha), fire front direction (az. degrees), and vector loading, (% of 5/7 fuels) • Analysis by ecosystem • Focus on daily fire front vector responses

  16. Fuel loading for Anderson (1982) and custom fuels

  17. Landscape Scenarios

  18. Landscapes

  19. Edge Structure Influences Burned Area

  20. Landscape Classification Changes Fire Front Direction and Fuel Loading Brush Red pine HW Slash Water AEI = AMEI1 AMEI2 AMEI3 AEI high, loc 16, day 1 Burned area = 47.5 ha Fire front dir = 176o Vector loading HW = 9%, slash = 26% AEI = 65%. AMEI 30, loc 16, day 1 Burned area = 51.6 ha Fire front dir = 174o Vector loading HW = 9%, slash = 20%, AMEI 2 = 61%, AMEI 3 = 10%.

  21. Brush Red pine HW Slash Water AEI = AMEI1 AMEI2 AMEI3 AMEI Landscape Classification Changes Using Different DEI AMEI 30, loc 16, day 1 Burned area = 51.6 ha Fire front dir = 174o Vector loading HW=9%, slash=20% AMEI 1 = 61%, AMEI 2 = 10%. AMEI 60, loc 16, day 1 Burned area = 71.0 ha Fire front dir = 179o Vector loading HW=7%, AMEI 1 = 48% AMEI 2 = 35%, AMEI 3 = 10%

  22. Daily Changes in Fire Front Vector for the AMEI 60 Scenario Brush Red pine HW Slash Water AEI = AMEI1 AMEI2 AMEI3 AMEI 60, loc 6, day 1 Burned area = 44.4 ha Fire front direction = 140o Vector loading HW = 20%, AMEI 1 = 65%, AMEI 2 = 15%. AMEI 60, loc 6, day 2 Burned area = 255.4 ha Fire front direction = 195o Vector loading HW = 14%, AMEI 1 = 47%, AMEI 2 = 30%, AMEI 3 = 9%.

  23. Edge Influence in Jack Pine

  24. Edge Influence in Hardwoods

  25. Amei30 5 8 10 11 31 32 33 98 Fire Front Vectors Differ Among Landscapes Vector Fuel Loading Yellow = Brush Black = Edge/AMEI 1 Grey = AMEI 2 Green = Hardwood Brown = Slash Red = Pine Reference Landscape b c c d c c d d N

  26. Fire Front Vectors Differ Among Landscapes Jack Pine Ecosystem Amei30, Loc 3 5 8 10 11 31 32 33 98 Landscape Edge Fuel Loading Scenarios a = low b = medium c = no edge d = high e = AMEI 30 f = AMEI 60 Reference Landscape a b c d e f Vector Fuel Loading Yellow = Brush, Black = Edge/AMEI 1 Grey = AMEI 2, Green = Hardwood Brown = Slash, Red = Pine N

  27. Fire Front Vectors Differ Among Landscapes Hardwoods Ecosystem Amei30, Loc 8 5 8 10 11 31 32 33 98 Landscape Edge Fuel Loading Scenarios a = low b = medium c = no edge d = high e = AMEI 30 f = AMEI 60 a Reference Landscape a b b c d c d e e f f Vector Fuel Loading Yellow = Brush, Black = Edge/AMEI 1 Grey = AMEI 2, Green = Hardwood Brown = Slash, Red = Pine N

  28. Fire Front Vectors Differ Among Landscapes Red Pines Ecosystem Amei30, Loc 14 5 8 10 11 31 32 33 98 Landscape Edge Fuel Loading Scenarios a = low b = medium c = no edge d = high e = AMEI 30 f = AMEI 60 a Reference Landscape a b b b c c d c d d e f Vector Fuel Loading Yellow = Brush, Black = Edge/AMEI 1 Grey = AMEI 2, Green = Hardwood Brown = Slash, Red = Pine N

  29. Conclusions • Harvest changed patch configuration and thereby burned area (BA) Rain influences BA • AEI fuel loading altered BA • AEI and AMEI changed modeled projection of fire size and movement • AMEI gave more details and delineated complex edge locations to place fuel • Low edge fuel loading changed fire front vector direction • High edge fuel loading acted as a corridor for fire spread and can over ride the dominant ecosystem fuel

  30. Questions?

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