The Constitution

1. The Constitution

2. It had to be Ratified • Needed 9 states to approve it. • When punished in the newspaper. Debates sprung all around

3. Two Groups Anti-Federalist Supporters of the Constitution. Wanted a strong national gov. Ensure the nations ability to protect it-self Opponents of the Constitution Feared strong gov. endangered people liberates and rights. Federalist

4. Federalist Papers • The Collection of 85 essays • Written in 1787-1788 • James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton wrote the essays that were published in several newspapers. • Washington and Franklin persuaded many Americans to support the New Constitution. • By 1790 all 13 states has ratified the Document

5. John Jay • “This country and this people seem to have been made for each other.”

6. Preamble Of the Constitution

7. What does it say ? • The preamble describes the purpose of the government set up by the constitution. • Americans expect their government to defend justice and liberty and provide peace and safety from foreign enemies.

8. The Goals of our Gov. • Form a more Perfect Union • Establish Justice • Insure Domestic Tranquility • Provide for the Common Defense • Promote General Welfare • Secure the blessing of liberty Which goal of Gov. pledges to protect our basic freedoms?

9. Article I Congress

10. All legislative powers are vested in a Congress. Article I Section 1

11. House of Representatives • Election of member • Qualifications • Apportionment • Officers; Impeachment Article I Section 2

12. Senate • Election of member • Qualifications • Offices; President of the Senate • Impeachment Article I Section 3

13. Impeachment • High Crimes and Misdemeanors • Bribery, perjury, and treason. • misconduct in office • Abuse of power

14. Impeachment • The trial is held In the senate • The Senate serve as the Judges • if President is being tried the Chief Justice presides • Convicted by 2/3 votes • Cant hold any other office • Subject to indictment, ect.

15. Why did the Framers make it difficult to impeach government officials?

16. Each state legislature can decide when and how congressional elections take place. • Congress assemble once year. Article I Section 4 1872 congress decided elections be held in every state on the same date in even-number years

17. Organized • Rules-2/3 expel • Record-yeas/nays • Adjournment- no more than three days unless approved. Need to be in the same city Article I Section 5

18. Compensation for their service. • Be privileged from arrest. • Restriction on other employment. Article I Section 6

19. How a bill becomes a law Article I Section 7

20. The Powers of Congress Article I Section 8

21. Terms to know • Naturalization-process whereby a foreigner becomes a citizen. • The Elastic Clause-It let Congress stretch the meaning of its power.

22. Powers include • Coining of Money • Regulate Commerce • Declare War • Raise and Support Armies • Lay and collect Taxes

23. Powers denied to Congress Article I Section 9

24. Terms to Know • Writ of Habeas Corpus-is a court order to bring someone to court and explain why they are being held • Bill of Attainder-a law declaring that a person is guilty of particular crime.

25. Terms to Know • Ex Post Facto law-punishes an act which was not illegal when it was committed. • Appropriates-Federal Gov. cannot spend money unless passed by a bill. Must publish statement of how money was spent.

26. Grant letters of Marque and reprisal Were documents issued by Gov. allowing merchant ships arm themselves and attack ships of an enemy nation. (They are no longer issued)

27. Powers denied to the State • The writers of Constitution Did not want the states to act like separate nations Article I Section 10

28. Term of four years • Qualifications • Succession • Salary • Oath of Office Article II Section 1

29. Military Power • Treaties • Duties • Impeachment Article II Section 2

30. terms • Reprieve- suspends punishment ordered by law • Pardon-prevents prosecution for a crime or overrides the judgment

31. Treaties in force • http://www.state.gov/s/l/treaty/tif/index.htm • http://www.state.gov/s/l/treaty/tias/2013/index.htm • Indian treaties • http://americanart.si.edu/exhibitions/online/catlinclassroom/lessonplans/al-bplan.html

32. State of Union • http://www.whitehouse.gov/state-of-the-union-2013#behind-the-scenes • Annotate • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YYsHi1fzIk • http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/01/21/inaugural-address-president-barack-obama speech

33. Article III The Supreme Court

34. Judicial Power vested in a Supreme Court • Hold Office for Life • Receive Pay Article III Section 1

35. Judicial power shall extend in all cases. • Appellate jurisdiction • Trial by jury Article III Section 2

36. Supreme Court Appellate Jurisdiction Means the power of a court to hear a case where it arises. Does not decide guilt, decides whether to lower court trial was properly conducted and review lower court decision. Original Jurisdiction

37. Treason against the United States • Congress has the power to declare the punishment Article III Section 3

40. Article IV Relations among the States

41. Article V The amendment process

42. The Process • Use the paper provided to complete the task at hand. • You have 10 min • When done put your pencil and pull out your constitution ready to check your work.

44. Article VI Supremacy Clause

45. Article VI • National Debts • Law of the Land • Oath of Offices • Federal law supersedes state law when a conflict exists

46. Article VII Ratification

47. Article VII • Needed 9 states to ratify • By 1788 the required 9 was done. • The Constitution was done in Convention on September 17, 1787