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Sexual Propagation

Sexual Propagation. Types of propagation. Sexual propagation Produces genetically variable offspring Utilized to produce hybrids Asexual propagation Clonal propagation Preserves desirable characteristics that could be lost in sexual reproduction.

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Sexual Propagation

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  1. Sexual Propagation

  2. Types of propagation • Sexual propagation • Produces genetically variable offspring • Utilized to produce hybrids • Asexual propagation • Clonal propagation • Preserves desirable characteristics that could be lost in sexual reproduction

  3. Seed from hybrids produce variable offspring

  4. Seed labeling • Commercial seed production • Federal & state regulations for labeling • Crop and cultivar name • Germination information • Name and address of selling company • Other labels • Hard seed • Fungicidal coating • Primed seed • Pelleted seed

  5. Seed quality • Germination (viability) • Purity – (presence of weed seed, etc.)

  6. Seed longevity • Buy seed for current growing season • Seed can be stored • Cool, dry is best • Seed life doubles for every 10 degree drop • Seed life doubles for every 10% drop in seed moisture (dessicants can be used)

  7. Seed storage • 37-41F, low humidity can prolong seed viability

  8. Home seed production • Self-pollinated plants are easiest • Cross pollinating requires control of pollination • Hybrids should not be used for home seed production • Search for procedures on internet • UIUC

  9. Flower pollination and fertilization

  10. Self-incompatibility

  11. Rose hip (fruit)

  12. Emasculation for hybridization

  13. Preventing unwanted pollination

  14. Seed harvesting • Mature seed from ripe fruit, prior to seed dispersal • Seed should be removed from ovary and dried • Wood plants with hard seed coats – harvest early (not mature), dry, and can plant without scarification

  15. Home seed treatments (p. 78, 194-195) • Scarification • Nicked w/ knife; file • Shake in jar of sand, sharp grit • Soak in hot/cold water for 24h • Stratification • Sow outside for winter stratification • Refrigerate (<41F) in moist sand, peat, vermiculite for several-many weeks (varies by species)

  16. Planting seed • Direct seeding (outdoors in planting bed) • Indirect seeding (in pots/flats to be transplanted) • Timing of seed planting varies by species • Most herbaceous plants in Spring/Summer • Most woody plants in Fall

  17. Direct seeding • Site selection • Timing of seeding • Cool season crops • Warm season crops • Depth and spacing • Thinning • Guidelines on web

  18. Seedbed maintenance • Eliminate clods and weeds • Prevent soil crusting

  19. Indirect seeding • For a head start on growing season • For fine seed • Provides for better establishment

  20. Indirect seeding • Use sterile growing media • Containers: clean flats, trays, pots, peat pots/pellets • Light requirement • Photoblastism • Etiolation • Watering • Bottom water for fine seed is better

  21. Damping off of seedlings • Cool, wet, overcrowded

  22. Seed (p. 195)

  23. Sexual propagation of ferns (p. 193)

  24. Fern propagation • Prothallus

  25. Indirect seeding • Transplanting • Pricking out flats • Handle plants by leaves • Root bound plants • Harden off • Cold frames

  26. Indirect seeding • Greenhouse lettuce production • Heated germination trays ($26)

  27. Cold frames • Cold frames online • Build your own cold frame

  28. Purchasing seed & supplies • Mail order • Burpee Seed Co. • Park’s Gardens • Home Harvest • Retail garden centers • Chains • Walmart • Home Centers

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