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THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE , NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE REVIEW.

THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE , NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE REVIEW. THERE MIGHT BE THINGS NOT COVERED BY THIS STUDY GUIDE THAT MIGHT BE ASKED IN YOUR Q UIZZES and TESTS . STUDENTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR STUDYING THEIR TEXT BOOKS AS PER THE COURSE SYLLABUS. LESSON # 7. LIFE ’ S COMPONENTS:.

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THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE , NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE REVIEW.

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  1. THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE, NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE REVIEW. • THERE MIGHT BE THINGS NOT COVERED BY THIS STUDY GUIDE THAT MIGHT BEASKED IN YOUR QUIZZES and TESTS. • STUDENTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR STUDYING THEIR TEXT BOOKS AS PER THE COURSE SYLLABUS

  2. LESSON # 7 LIFE’S COMPONENTS: Biological Molecules Carbon and Carbohydrates

  3. ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY It is a branch of Chemistry devoted to the study of organic compounds They are compounds that have carbon as their central element Carbon is a central element in life. Life is based in carbon compounds ( carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) immersed in water

  4. ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 1- Carbohydrates 2- Lipids 3- Proteins 4- Nucleic acids They are compounds that have carbon as their central element

  5. C H O 6 12 6 1- Carbohydrates Ex: GLUCOSE Carbohydrates are organic molecules that always contain carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. They usually contain exactly twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms 6 ATOMS OF CARBON 6 ATOMS OF OXYGEN 12 ATOMS OF HYDROGEN

  6. ORGANIC COMPOUNDS MOLECULE OF GLUCOSE (BLOOD SUGAR)

  7. 1- CARBOHYDRATES MONOSACCHARIDES DISACCHARIDES POLYSACCHARIDES

  8. 1- Monosaccharides (also known as simple sugars): They are the building blocks of more complex carbohydrates. HEXOSES (C H O ) PENTOSES (C H O ) 6 5 12 10 6 5

  9. 2- Disaccharides: They are made up of two units of monosaccharide joined by dehydration synthesis. Disaccharide Monosaccharide Monosaccharide Disaccharides

  10. DISACCHARIDES

  11. POLYSACCHARIDES 3- POLYSACCHARIDES Starch Glycogen Cellulose Chitin (also known as complex carbohydrates). They are made up of many units of monosaccharide. Ex: In the polysaccharide cellulose there may be 10, 000 glucose units linked up with one another

  12. POLYSACCHARIDES 1- Starch: Carbohydrate storage in plants (potatoes, rice, corn). The human organism can digest starch and use the glucose molecules that contain. 2- Glycogen: Carbohydrate storage in animals. Glycogen does for animals what starch does for plants. Glycogen is stored mainly in the liver

  13. POLYSACCHARIDES 3- Cellulose: The most abundant carbohydrate in Earth. Trees, cotton, leaves and grasses are made of cellulose. Human being can not digest the cellulose. Some animals have in their intestine special bacteria that digest the cellulose for them. 4- Chitin: It is a rigid complex carbohydrate, which form the external skeleton of the arthropods (insects, spiders, and crustaceans such as crabs).

  14. POLYSACCHARIDES

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