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Digitization of mathematical textbooks used in Serbia in the past

Digitization of mathematical textbooks used in Serbia in the past. Nadežda Pejović nada@matf.bg.ac.yu University of Belgrade Faculty of Mathematics. 3 rd SEEDI Int. Conf. Cetinje , Montenegro 1 3 -14 September 2007. The Project.

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Digitization of mathematical textbooks used in Serbia in the past

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  1. Digitization of mathematical textbooks used in Serbia in the past Nadežda Pejović nada@matf.bg.ac.yu University of Belgrade Faculty of Mathematics 3rd SEEDI Int.Conf. Cetinje, Montenegro 13-14 September 2007.

  2. The Project • The part of the ongoing digitization project of the scientific and cultural heritage • Institutions: • The Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade • The Mathematical Institute of Serbian Academy of Sciences

  3. The goal of the project • To digitize the most important Serbian textbooks used in the secondary and undergraduate education in the past. • To help historians of education and educators for better studies of education, modern and in the past. • To remove some myths, “The current education and textbooks are much better than those used in the past”.

  4. Problems • Significant variations in materials sources and qualities • The data and metadata organization and modeling • Data access

  5. Technical issues • Stored in the Virtual library of NCD www.ncd.matf.bg.ac.yu -> Projects -> Virtual library • Formats • Image format: tiff 300 dpi • Target format: PDF, DJvu

  6. OCR • Primary problems are : • Large varieties and high font stylization used in the corresponding time period. • Significantly low material quality, because of aging. No OCR software satisfied, primarily because of the low material readability. • A lot of mathematical formulas, there is not OCR software capable of recognizing mathematically oriented texts.

  7. Searching • The multiple criteria for searching are available, including searching by • Metadata • Author • Title • Key words • Period • The text content, on texts where OCR was performed.

  8. Digitized textbooks • Vasilije Damjanović, Aritmetika, Venice, 1767 • Area: mathematics. • The first mathematical textbook written in Serbian. • Used in diaspora, mainly in parts of Austrian-Hungarian Imperia.

  9. Digitized textbooks • Jovan Došenović, Čislenica, Budim (Budapest), 1809 • Area: mathematics • Text dealing with basic arithmetical operations, percentage calculus, quotients etc. • The first textbook in mathematics used in liberated Belgrade after the First Serbian Upraising, 1804, against Ottoman Imperia.

  10. Digitized textbooks • Milan Andonović, Kosmografija, Belgrade, 1888. • Area: astronomy • Rigorous presentation of modern astronomy at the time of writing the book. • Very nice style of writing, a book worth reading even today. • Nice drawings and color illustrations.

  11. Digitized textbooks • Rista Karljiković, Trigonometry, Belgrade, 1926. • Area: mathematics • One of the finest mathematical textbooks for high-schools written in Serbian. • Advanced topics: spherical trigonometry, applications in geodesy and astronomy. • Many historical notes, origin of mathematical notions and problems, sources of presented problems.

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