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Early India

Early India. The Indus Valley Civilizations. Geography in Early India History. Himalayas provided natural boundaries on the western side of India Khyber Pass allowed a narrow opening for trade Two major rivers: Indus River and Ganges Monsoons= Strong winds that carry moisture.

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Early India

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  1. Early India The Indus Valley Civilizations

  2. Geography in Early India History • Himalayas provided natural boundaries on the western side of India • Khyber Pass allowed a narrow opening for trade • Two major rivers: Indus River and Ganges • Monsoons= Strong winds that carry moisture

  3. Section 1 cont. • Early civilizations had advanced cities with two story homes, bathrooms, garbage chutes. • Citadels were the focus of the city and contained large storehouses for grain/rice • Written language was in the form of pictographs • The gods of the early Indians were depicted by animals like elephants, bulls, etc.

  4. Indo-Aryans Migrants • Early travelers came from Europe and moved into India settling most of India around 1750 BC • Known as the Vedic age because of religious texts known as Vedas • Outside worship • Brahmins

  5. Indo-Aryans • Stationary under the rule of a Raja • Able to control most of India with exception of the far south • Able to subdue many of the darker Gangetic peoples who had migrated from Africa. • Familial ties continued through arranged marriages

  6. Rise of Mauryan Empire • Chandragupta Maurya organizes an incredible army to control India • Asoka continues as grandson but becomes a pacifist and converts to Buddhism • Law codes and religious tolerance. • Improved trade routes • Gupta Rulers promote Hinduism • Golden age of India around 300 AD

  7. Economy and Society • ¼ of goods were paid in the form of taxes • Not many wealthy people but most survive because of fertility of land • Patriarchal society: Suttee and polygyny • Many early writings and theatre • Education • Stupa • Math (negative numbers, abstract numbers, algebra) • Medicine (clean hospitals, inoculations, bone setting)

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